The tax and transfer system partially insures households against individual income risk. We build a framework to assess the size and (welfare) value of this partial insurance, which is based on exploiting distributional differences between household gross income and disposable income. Our...

The COVID-19 pandemic was a major shock for working parents, who faced sudden disruptions in both their work environment and their children's schooling. We study the effect of remote schooling on parental labor market outcomes in Sweden, a setting characterized by minimal COVID-related...

Im Jahr 2022 haben zirka 5,65 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland ihre Angehörigen gepflegt, zeigen Auswertungen des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP). Darunter sind 4,22 Millionen Pflegende im erwerbsfähigen Alter von 18 bis unter 66 Jahren, die oft Pflege, Familie und Beruf miteinander...

In diesem Beitrag werden die potenziellen Auswirkungen einer in Österreich diskutierten Kindergrundsicherung analysiert. Das Modell der Kindergrundsicherung besteht aus drei Säulen: (1) einem Ausbau von Sachleistungen, (2) der Weiterentwicklung monetärer Transfers zu einem Universalbetrag...

This paper examines income and employment outcomes for immigrants in Sweden's most immigrant-dense neighbourhoods between 1998 and 2022. While relative employment among immigrants has improved, relative incomes in these neighbourhoods have stagnated or declined. The most plausible explanation...

Analyses of income distributions across households crucially depend on equivalence scales. They define income increments necessary to keep a household's living standard constant as it is joined by additional adults or children. Such scales have frequently been estimated using income satisfaction...

We add to the debate about whether models of earnings dynamics should allow for unobservable heterogeneity in expected earnings growth rates by examining implications for a statistic originally proposed to estimate the variance of persistent earnings shocks. While that statistic is unbiased...

Traditional applied general-equilibrium (AGE) models have always faced trade-offs between analytical and computational tractability and counter-empirical restrictions. One is the assumption of homothetic preferences implying unitary income elasticities of demand, significantly inconsistent with...

Using a shift-share instrument, I study inflows of foreign-background immigrants to Finland and estimate how immigration affects natives' earnings at various points of the income distribution. My point estimates for the earnings effects of immigration are negative and statistically significant...

This paper estimates and analyzes the distribution and composition of pre-tax national income in Germany since reunification, combining personal income tax returns, household survey data, and national accounts. We find that pre-tax national income inequality has increased since the 1990s, though...

Im Jahr 2022 haben zirka 5,65 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland ihre Angehörigen gepflegt, zeigen Auswertungen des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP). Darunter sind 4,22 Millionen Pflegende im erwerbsfähigen Alter von 18 bis unter 66 Jahren, die oft Pflege, Familie und Beruf miteinander...

In genetics, heterosis refers to the phenomenon where crossbreeding within a species produces offspring with greater genetic fitness and superior phenotypic characteristics compared to their parents. We propose a novel socioeconomic heterosis hypothesis and examine whether genetic diversity at...

Per-capita national income remains a primary indicator of wellbeing in an international comparison. Accordingly, the World Bank has popularised the concept of constant-dollar income of a given base year (say 2015), which converts income denominated in constant local currency units (LCU) to a...

In genetics, heterosis describes how crossbreeding produces offspring with greater fitness than their parents. We propose a socioeconomic heterosis hypothesis: does genetic diversity at the individual level benefit economic success? Using UK Biobank data (N=488,152), we find that people with...

Using rich administrative data from 2005 to 2021 for Belgium, this paper analyses how earnings dynamics differ across socio-demographic groups, focusing on gender and education. We find that while permanent earnings inequality remains the dominant source of overall earnings inequality in...

The COVID-19 pandemic was a major shock for working parents, who faced sudden disruptions in both their work environment and their children’s schooling. We study the effect of remote schooling on parental labor market outcomes in Sweden, a setting characterized by minimal COVID-related...

Income shocks and limited upward mobility can undermine people's well-being and economic prospects. Most cross-country studies on income mobility over people's lives rely on survey data, but small samples limit detailed analysis by socio-demographic group or segment of the distribution. This...