The climate change crisis makes Paris Alignment of the transport sector one of the most pressing development challenges. Transport emissions are rising at a higher rate in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than in high-income countries. However, the current climate finance landscape for...

The new loss and damage funding framework under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) emphasises the importance of channelling support through national systems and mechanisms. This approach could prove particularly challenging for African least developed ountries...

The Asian Development Bank has adopted internal practices aligned with its commitment to help its members achieve gender equality. This study analyzes panel data on its staff spanning 2000-2022 to understand gender differences in salaries and career paths of its three staff groups. A...

Can developing economies achieve growth that benefits everyone and protects the planet? This report explores how low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can achieve inclusive and sustainable economic transformation (ISET) - where economic growth benefits all of society and protects our planet....

Development finance institutions (DFIs) face significant challenges in addressing unmet development needs, particularly in smaller, lower-income countries with few large firms and high investment risks, and in sectors with few private operators. In response, some DFIs, like British International...

China's global development finance is undergoing a major transformation. As domestic reforms and borrower debt risks rise, Chinese financial institutions are shifting how they finance projects abroad-especially in Africa, where they've long played a major role. This report explores how China is...

The World Bank Group considers itself a "Knowledge Bank." The Bank's knowledge work contributes to development outcomes both by informing clients in various policy and reform areas, and by informing staff and clients on the selection, design, and implementation of lending operations. This...

The United Nations financing for development process, including the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development (FfD4) in Seville in 2025, is an important building block to foster global cooperation amid the current geopolitical tensions and multiple crises that have led to...

Das Umfeld der Entwicklungspolitik hat sich rapide verändert: Die Weltwirtschaft ist im Umbruch, globale Krisen werden zur Normalität und erhöhen weiter die Schuldenstände. Daneben verstärken sie auch Ungleichheiten in unseren Partnerländern, wodurch wiederum demokratische Strukturen...

Bangladesh has demonstrated remarkable development progress in the last five decades. The country's journey from one of the poorest countries at independence to a lower-middle-income nation within four decades is a testament to its resilience, policy decisions, and commitment to reducing poverty...

Development finance institutions and international financial institutions are increasingly being asked to deliver 'marketlevel impact' through their operations. This paper explores how these institutions consider market effects in their impact assessment systems. We present the two dominant...

The EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF for Africa) was set up to support the most vulnerable and marginalised people, including refugees, internally displaced people, migrants and members of host communities. Over the last 8 years, it has provided great momentum for a coordinated response...

The EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF for Africa) was set up to support the most vulnerable and marginalised people, including refugees, internally displaced people, migrants and members of host communities. Over the last 8 years, it has provided great momentum for a coordinated response...

DG ECHO committed in the 2021 Communication on Humanitarian Aid to explore new ways of engaging private finance to help address humanitarian needs - in particular through launching a pilot initiative looking at blended finance for humanitarian aid. After three years of funding for this pilot...

DG ECHO committed in the 2021 Communication on Humanitarian Aid to explore new ways of engaging private finance to help address humanitarian needs - in particular through launching a pilot initiative looking at blended finance for humanitarian aid. After three years of funding for this pilot...

Balán et al. (2022) evaluate the impact of "local elites" involvement in local tax collection in a large city in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Using a randomized controlled trial to vary the identities of tax collectors, they find that local elites' involvement raises tax compliance and...

Productivity must play a more important role in driving sustained growth as our societies age. But there's no consensus on how to reverse the broad slowdown in productivity growth seen across almost all countries over the past 20 years. F&D magazine's September issue invites leading thinkers to...

This study outlines the features of financing investment development in Sub-Saharan African countries. Using the financial determinants of GDP, a model was developed based on the method of least squares employing data covering 2004-2018. It was revealed that a positive correlation exists between...

This paper empirically examines the impact of public development finance on firm innovation using loan data from public development finance institutions. The findings reveal that an increase in the size of loans from these institutions significantly enhances firm R&D investments and outputs,...

In 2021, the G20 committed to reallocate USD 100 billion of the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) recent allocation of Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) to low-income and vulnerable middle-income countries. However, most of these donations have been made to the IMF's Poverty Reduction and Growth...

The International Debt Report (IDR) is a longstanding annual publication of the World Bank featuring external debt statistics and analysis for the 122 countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System. IDR 2023 is the 50th annual edition and includes (1) analyses of external debt...

This evaluation is the first stage of the Independent Evaluation Group's assessment of the World Bank's support for more, better, and more inclusive jobs through International Development Association (IDA) financing, and it assesses the implementation of IDA-supported interventions directly...

The document collection focuses on the concept of blended finance for climate investments, emphasizing the need for innovative financial mechanisms to address climate change. It discusses the potential of blending public and private capital to mobilize investment in climate-related projects,...

Local governments--especially cities and municipalities--in developing countries will be at the forefront of confronting and mitigating the impacts of climate change, and they need substantial financing to address this challenge. However, they often lack the fiscal resources for such...