We demonstrate that foreign institutional ownership (FIO) is associated with stronger stock return sensitivity to the Global Financial Cycle (GFC), indicating greater global co-movement among stocks selected by FIOs compared to those not selected. We conjecture that this may be because (i) FIOs...

We argue that the rapid asset growth of nonbank financial intermediaries (NBFIs) relative to banks is the outcome of transformations of risks between banks and NBFIs that increase the interconnectedness of the two sectors. These transformations are consistent with avoiding tighter, post-GFC bank...

Central clearing counterparties (CCPs) manage counterparty risk by requiring clearing members to post margins. This paper explores the role of margins as "canaries in the coal mine:" By inducing defaults of fragile counterparties before contract maturity, margin calls enable CCPs to transfer...

Sweden's economic growth in relation to developments in the rest of the world exhibits three distinct phases over the past 170 years. From 1890 to 1950, Sweden experienced faster growth than comparable countries. This period of liberalization was followed by a phase of lagging behind until...

This paper studies the international macro-financial implications of U.S. dollar-backed payment stablecoins. These digital assets create a new global safe asset channel that links private money creation and global payment needs directly to U.S. public debt. By reshaping the demand for safe...

Decentralised Finance (DeFi) emerged in 2021 as a fast-growing crypto segment, attracting policymakers' attention due to its innovative approach of delivering financial services without relying on centralised intermediaries. This paper assesses DeFi governance arrangements for regulating and...

In essence, the currently large stablecoins are electronic money issued by narrow balance sheet vehicles into a distributed ledger (or a "programmable platform"). Many believe that they will have significant success as a new form of money. Members of the current US administration expect that US...

The Seoul Center for Finance and Innovation (SCFI) Trust Fund, established in collaboration with the Ministry of Economy and Finance of the Republic of Korea, aims to support financial sector stability, resilience, and private sector–led growth and innovation in the East Asia and Pacific...

The rise of fintech lenders has intensified competition in the banking industry. This study utilizes Brazilian bank-level data to examine the causal impact of increased competition on commercial banks’ lending rates and profitability. Employing a bank-specific Bartik exposure, constructed from...

Banks use synthetic risk transfers (SRTs) to offload potential losses in their loan portfolios to non-bank investors while retaining the loans on their balance sheets. We investigate this trillion-euro market using transaction-level data from the euro area, the largest SRT market, and highlight...

This paper examines whether the SEC's mandate for central clearing of U.S. Treasury repo transactions could enable all-to-all trading and support the development of a standardized term repo market. By mitigating counterparty risk through central clearing, cash lenders may become more willing to...

This paper examines recent developments in the internationalisation of the Chinese yuan, focusing on trade and portfolio flows, foreign exchange markets, cross‑border payments, and official reserve holdings. The promotion of the yuan's global role has been a deliberate policy objective for...

In emerging markets, stock markets play a crucial role in supporting long-term growth. This study explores the causal relationship between stock market development and economic growth in the Fragile Five countries-Brazil, India, Indonesia, South Africa, and Turkey-covering the period from 2001...

Amidst the escalating geopolitical fragmentation of the global financial system, divergent stablecoin architectures are emerging. This study employs Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and introduces a formalized 'Geopolitical Stablecoin' (GPSC) model to conduct a systematic comparison of...

This paper examines the interplay between financial inclusion and FinTech in shaping banking stability, with a focus on economies in the Asia and Pacific region. Using an unbalanced panel dataset from 21 economies from 2000 to 2021, the paper finds that financial inclusion enhances banking...

This paper studies the role of banking supervision in anticipating, monitoring, and disciplining failing banks. We document that supervisors anticipate most bank failures with a high degree of accuracy. Supervisors play an important role in requiring troubled banks to recognize losses, taking...

As financial globalization continues to evolve, it has played a pivotal role in the development of financial sectors in developing countries, enhancing efficiency and fostering competition. However, this trend has also raised concerns regarding its socio-economic impacts, particularly in...

This study emphasizes three solid questions: (i) the extent to which African banking systems are globalized; (ii) the role of regulation and technology in this process; and (iii) whether economic globalization reinforces banking stability. We conceptualize financial globalization through two...

In this paper, we analyse data from 493 listed banks across 28 countries to investigate the impact and mechanisms through which banks' derivatives holdings influence systemic risk. Our empirical results indicate that banks' derivatives holdings significantly increase systemic risk. Regarding the...

This study examines the impact of margin loans and accompanying regulatory changes on the underpricing of initial public offerings (IPOs) in Türkiye, with a focus on the wave of IPOs from 2020 to 2023-a period during which the number of IPOs and proceeds from them reached record highs....

Short-selling restrictions are often enacted during financial turmoil to promote market stability, though most research highlights their negative impact on market quality. This study examines the stability and effectiveness of these restrictions in preventing market crashes in an agent-based...

We investigate the relationship between manufacturing sector productivity and two new measures proxying for barriers to trade in services – restrictions affecting payment for cross-border imports of services and receipts for inward investment. Our services trade policy proxies span the...

This article examines how the design features of retail central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) influence the detection and prevention of crypto-enabled money laundering. Drawing on a comparative analysis of Russia, the European Union, the United States, and Malta, it evaluates the effectiveness...

Decentralised Finance applications aim to replicate existing financial products and services from the highly regulated Traditional Finance (TradFi) system using the distributed ledger technology and smart contracts. An open, multi-layered and composable architecture has facilitated the...

The FTX collapse marked a significant shock to global crypto markets, prompting concerns about systemic contagion. This paper investigates the dynamic connectedness between cryptocurrencies, DeFi tokens, and tech stocks, focusing on the systemic impact of the FTX collapse. We decompose total,...

Decentralised Finance applications aim to replicate existing financial products and services from the highly regulated Traditional Finance (TradFi) system using the distributed ledger technology and smart contracts. An open, multi-layered and composable architecture has facilitated the...