This article studies the role of environmental and religious factors in the occurrence of pastoralist conflict in Nigeria using panel data at the 0.5 x 0.5° grid cell level between 1997 and 2020. The empirical analysis provides robust evidence that the occurrence of droughts does not raise the...

We study the effects of a parental leave reform in Denmark in 2002 on intimate partner violence (IPV) contacts. The reform extended leave-taking among mothers but not fathers and led to a marked reduction in IPV incidence, specifically among mothers with below-median years of education. Analysis...

Zambia has high rates of violence against children in and low rates of secondary school completion, especially among girls.ii In 2023, the Keeping Girls in School (KGS) program under the Girls' Education and Women's Empowerment and Livelihoods (GEWEL) project, launched the Empowerment Pilot...

We examine the impact of a 2002 Danish parental leave reform on intimate partner violence (IPV) using administrative data on assault-related hospital contacts. Using a regression discontinuity design, we show that extending fully paid leave increased mothers' leave-taking and substantially...

The chapter reviews the economic literature on intimate partner violence (IPV), a widespread human rights violation affecting nearly one in three women globally and generating significant societal costs. It focuses on the relationship between various dimensions of female empowerment and IPV. The...

We examine the impact of a 2002 Danish parental leave reform on intimate partner violence (IPV) using administrative data on assault-related hospital contacts. Using a regression discontinuity design, we show that extending fully paid leave increased mothers' leave-taking and substantially...

This paper estimates the impact of violence perpetrated by peers and school staff on student victims. Leveraging unique administrative data from Chile that links reports of school violence to individual educational records, we address longstanding data limitations that have constrained empirical...

Violence against women is any act likely to result in physical, sexual, economic or psychological harm to women or girls. It is rooted in systemic gender inequality and power imbalances between women and men. Violence can also take place online, through acts such as cyber harassment, image-based...

Migration to the European Union (EU) has increased significantly in recent years, driven by conflict, climate change and geopolitical instability. While global data is limited, available evidence indicates that these crises disproportionately impact women and girls, increasing their exposure to...

We study the effect of women's exposure to the internet on the incidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) utilizing data from a large-scale nationally representative data for India. Utilizing an instrumental variable approach, we exploit the exogenous variation arising from cellular tower...

This study examines the influence of religious leaders on social attitudes by analysing Pope Francis' impact on beliefs about the justification of violence against women (VAW). Using a content analysis of his speeches, we document sustained engagement with topics related to women's rights....

We experimentally evaluate a novel approach to IPV prevention that harnesses social media to recruit and engage men in a virtual support group delivered by trained male facilitators via WhatsApp. The program succeeded in recruiting men at high risk of committing IPV through self-targeting alone:...

This paper evaluates the causal impact of women's exposure to the internet on their attitudes towards intimate partner violence (IPV) using data from the most recent round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). To address potential endogeneity, we exploit exogenous variation in...

This technical paper assesses Chad's experience in implementing SP programs within a fragile, conflict-affected, and violent (FCV) context. It highlights three major SP projects - the Safety Net Project, the Refugees and Host Communities Support Project (PARCA), and the Adaptive and Productive...

Violence against women and girls (VAWG) risks in energy operations arise across both the demand and supply sides of the sector. On the demand side, limited access to energy, particularly lighting and clean cooking, can restrict women's mobility, increase their exposure to violence, and limit...

School-related gender-based violence remains widespread in low- and middle-income countries, yet rigorous evidence on effective prevention strategies is limited. This study evaluates the Empowerment Pilot, a multi-component program designed to address school-related gender-based violence in...

The Bank Group launched the 2020-25 Fragility, Conflict, and Violence (FCV) Strategy with the aim of strengthening its engagements and operations in countries affected by fragility, violence, and conflict. The strategy aimed to address the drivers and consequences of FCV and to build resilience,...

Bullying is a widespread form of aggression that emerges early in childhood and is common in school settings. Using Italian data from the National Institute for the Evaluation of Education and Training (INVALSI) on primary school students, we document gender differences in self-reported...

Purpose The paper aims to investigate the effect of GDP growth on crime and to test the hypothesis of nonlinearity. Additionally, we estimate the interaction between GDP and income inequality and examine its impact on the relationship between GDP and homicide rates. Design/methodology/approach...

Despite growing attention being paid to the societal impacts of violent conflict, little is known about how exposure thereto shapes gender attitudes, particularly in Africa. This study addresses that gap by examining the relationship between exposure to violent conflict and attitudes toward...

This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of scalable early detection tools that schools can use to identify child maltreatment. Child maltreatment, with severe consequences for children's wellbeing, remains difficult to detect due to underreporting, stigma, and the limits of existing tools....

This study examines the challenges of analyzing domestic violence (DV) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and seeks to improve measurement through two main contributions. First, we collect and describe traditional DV data sources (household surveys and administrative records) across 19...

Bullying among children and young people remains prevalent in Ireland and is regarded as an important policy area, with recent initiatives (such as the Department of Education's Cineáltas: Action Plan on Bullying and Bí Cineálta Procedures) to prevent and address school-based bullying. To...