We examine the impact of generative AI on the youth labor market in Finland by replicating the key analyses of Brynjolfsson et al. (2025) with comprehensive population-level data. Contrary to the US findings, we find no systematic displacement effects linked to AI exposure among youth in...

This paper studies the long-term impacts of dual apprenticeships on youth employment in a high-informality labor market. A Randomized Controlled Trial in Côte d'Ivoire with four follow-up surveys collected over seven years shows that dual apprenticeships have sustained impacts: youth earnings...

Context: VET programmes in most countries are organised as a combination of learning in schools and learning in workplaces, with elements of workplace learning ranging from a few hours of job shadowing to longer duration internships or full apprenticeships. While there is no doubt about the...

Across many countries, young adults face a persistent skills mismatch, with firms reporting difficulty finding candidates with adequate soft skills. In Rwanda, young women face particularly acute barriers to securing employment. This study evaluates a two-week intensive soft skills training...

This report is based on the quantitative data gathered as a part of the mixed-methods research project "Youth Labour Market Participation in Urban Sierra Leone" funded by the Fritz-Thyssen-Stiftung. A structured survey was administered in April 2025 in three urban centres: Freetown, Bo and...

This study analyzes, for the first time, the effect of increases in the minimum wage on the labor market outcomes of working age adults with cognitive disabilities, a vulnerable and low-skilled sector of the actual and potential labor pool. Using data from the American Community Survey...

This paper provides the first experimental evidence on the long-term effects of work-study programs, leveraging a randomized lottery design from a national program in Uruguay. Participation leads to a persistent 11 percent increase in formal labor earnings seven years after the program, driven...

Hundreds of millions of young people in the Global South face uncertain futures due to poor access to quality education, inadequate skills, and limited employment opportunities. By 2033, the Global South will host 1.2 billion people ages 15 to 24. However, unless current trends are reversed,...

Tutoring programs for low-performing students, delivered in-person or online, effectively enhance school performance, yet their medium- and longer-term impacts on labor market outcomes remain less understood. To address this gap, we conduct a randomized controlled trial with 839 secondary school...

Materialism, characterized by prioritizing material possessions over intrinsic values, has been shown to negatively impact well-being, social behavior, and economic activities. However, limited research addresses interventions to reduce materialism in non-WEIRD societies, particularly in the...

This report investigates the evolving occupational outcomes among young cohorts in Europe from 1995 to 2020. Using data from the European Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS), we evaluate how the likelihood of being employed in a cognitive occupation and receiving a temporary job has changed over time...

We replicate results of Forsythe (2022) studying the cyclicality of individuals' labor market transitions conditional on their experience. Using Current Population Survey (CPS) data and state-level variations in the unemployment rate, this paper shows that the hiring probability of youths is...

This background paper examines the critical issue of how to enhance digital skills among youth who are not in employment, education, or training (NEET) in Africa to prevent approximately 72 million young people (two-thirds of whom are young women) from being marginalized in a global economy...

Amid rapid labor market changes and aging workforces, countries need institutionalized programs and services that support lifelong skill development and utilization, from the school-to-work transition through adulthood. This technical note presents a conceptual framework for building skills...

Social interactions between young and senior colleagues might have consequences for union membership uptake of young workers, thus influencing public policies on unions. We apply Norwegian administrative register data to test this claim about the influence of social interactions on unionization,...

Seit Jahren verzeichnen Gewerkschaften in Deutschland massive Mitgliederverluste. Während die Mitgliederzahlen des Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes (DGB) nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung Anfang der 1990er Jahre noch die 10-Millionen-Marke überschritten hatten, sind laut Angaben des DGB im...

This study analyzes, for the first time, the effect of increases in the minimum wage on the labor market outcomes of working age adults with cognitive disabilities, a vulnerable and low-skilled sector of the actual and potential labor pool. Using data from the American Community Survey...

This study analyzes, for the first time, the effect of increases in the minimum wage on the labor market outcomes of working age adults with cognitive disabilities, a vulnerable and low-skilled sector of the actual and potential labor pool. Using data from the American Community Survey...

Skills gaps, a lack of funding, and social norms continue to keep women and youth in North Africa from engaging in productive entrepreneurship. Using cross-national data and regional indicators from the World Bank and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, this analysis shows how such barriers...

What influence do the past and present locations of young workers have on their professional careers? To answer this question, Céreq's Génération 2010 survey was used to examine the impact of Employment Zone (EZ) characteristics on wages, particularly through interviews conducted three and...

The evolving labor environment underscores the critical role of cognitive and non-cognitive (soft) skills in fostering workforce adaptability and enhancing labor market outcomes. This study investigates the combined influence of these skills on the probability of employment, focusing on the...

This study estimates the labor market returns to non-cognitive skills among the youth under 30 years old during the early career stage. Using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE) for 2016 and 2019, it examines the effects of the Big Five personality traits (openness,...

Kenya faces a growing youth employment challenge, with nearly 80 percent of its population under 35 working in informal, low-quality jobs that offer little security or opportunity for advancement. About 85 percent of youth rely on informal work, contributing to cycles of poverty and inequality,...

Enamoured by gamified FinTech platforms and the rise of investment cultures on social media, young people are turning to financial markets to take control over their future in a present shaped by instability and crisis. Recently, the story of young investors has been dominated by sensationalist...

This paper provides evidence on the impacts of armed conflict and climate change on individual labor intensity. Based on pooled labor force survey, climate, and conflict event data from 21 African countries, we document that climate change and armed conflict can create a polycrisis: the negative...

Little attention has been paid to supply- and demand-side factors explaining regional variation in youth overeducation. These factors might be drivers of a crowding out effect, where workers at a given level of education are expelled from their "matched" labour market positions by workers with a...

This Flash Eurobarometer survey was carried out by Ipsos European Public affairs between 25 September and 3 October 2024. It covers the population of EU citizens, residents in one of the 27 Member States of the European Union, and aged between 16 and 30 years. All interviews were carried via...