Promoting and popularly developing urban transport improves environmental sustainability by reducing traffic congestion and air pollution. In the last decade, bus and metro modes, in addition to being the most in-demand, have been the most utilized to offer a practical and sustainable public...

The pharmaceutical industry is a cornerstone of national economies and plays a critical role in public health. However, China's pharmaceutical industry faces significant challenges, including regional disparities in development. The existing research on operational efficiency evaluation...

The newly introduced EU supply chain regulation emphasises the importance of enforcing social and environmental rules, particularly in third countries. For example, the EU's Corporate Sustainable Due Diligence Directive holds importing firms accountable for breaches in their supply chains....

This paper examines the resource mismatch in China's healthcare sector from 2010 to 2019. We use structural efficiency to measure the resource mismatch in the healthcare industry (0.2-0.7). We find that an increase in the proportion of private hospitals decreases the healthcare resource mismatch...

Background China started a pilot public hospital reform in 2012 to improve governance and efficiency in healthcare services delivery among county-level hospitals. This study aims to investigate the impact of the pilot reform on hospital efficiency and productivity by using a unique dataset of...

One of the most important ways to boost the health system's performance and lower the rising cost of healthcare is to increase its efficiency. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the MOH in providing public health services and to gauge the progress of health plans in...

Purpose - It is widely acknowledged that the ability of a firm to develop and exploit their innovative capabilities is a critical determinant that maintains their competitive advantage. The purpose is to evaluate the research and development (R&D) inputs and outcomes on the performance of firms...

Purpose - Financial inclusion is a prerequisite for inclusive development. In 2014, the Indian Government introduced the Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) with a similar objective. The study aims to analyse the effectiveness of banks in the implementation of financial inclusion policy, i.e....

CO2 -Emissionen aus Gebäudebrand und dem Verkehr stehen im Mittelpunkt der umweltpolitischen Debatte: Keine neuen Verbrennerfahrzeuge ab 2035, Heizen zumindest zu 65% aus regenerativen Energiequellen, Zertifikatehandel auf Gebäudebrand und Verkehr ausdehnen, Tempolimit auf Autobahnen,...

Deutschland gilt im internationalen Vergleich als Nachzügler in Sachen wirkungsorientierter Haushaltsführung. Zwar hat der Bund seit den 2000er Jahren Fortschritte auf dem Weg zu einer stärker wirkungsorientierten Steuerung des Mitteleinsatzes gemacht. So besteht beispielsweise eine...

Banks have faced increasing attention regarding their ability to balance Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, operational efficiency, and credit risk management, particularly in the wake of global financial challenges. This study examines the interplay between CSR, efficiency, and...

Passenger transportation in Japan's main metropolitan areas is operated by the JR companies, which were privatized and divested from Japan National Railways (JNR) in 1987 and by 16 major private railway companies with large-scale operations. Although their core business is transportation, the...

Efficiency is one of the tenets in assessing the financial health of an enterprise. Ultimately, the form of asset management has a major impact on growth but also on the decline of profit. It also reveals how the enterprises are positioned within the competitive market environment. For this...

We argue that capital misallocation arises endogenously due to incomplete consumption insurance. We model risk-averse entrepreneurs with heterogeneous productivity who face idiosyncratic output shocks and choose how much capital to rent before uncertainty unfolds. We show that incomplete markets...