Extending health insurance to previously uncovered populations can improve access to preventative health care alongside income effects resulting from lower need of out-of-pocket. However, theoretically, in the presence of ex-ante moral hazard, it can also give a disincentive to preventative...

We investigate how the use of bankruptcy as an implicit health insurance varies across households, focusing on heterogeneity by asset holdings, race, marital status, and educational attainment. Using a difference-in-differences design based on the 2005 bankruptcy reform, we find that the reform...

The goal of universal health coverage (UHC) is for all people to receive the quality health services they need, when and where they need them, without incurring financial hardship. UHC covers the full continuum of essential health services, from health promotion to disease prevention, treatment,...

Extending health insurance to previously uncovered populations can improve access to preventative health care alongside income effects resulting from lower need of out-of-pocket. However, theoretically, in the presence of ex-ante moral hazard, it can also give a disincentive to preventative...

While the World Health Organization’s (WHO) role in global health is well-documented, there is a notable gap in research regarding its influence on domestic health policy in Lower-Middle Income Countries (LMICs). This paper, therefore, explores the WHO’s impact on advancing the Universal...

We study how health insurance deductibles affect healthcare spending and health using a regression discontinuity design and administrative data from the Netherlands. Exploiting an annual deductible reset, we compare patients admitted to the emergency room just before and after January 1....

This country report provides a description of the emergence of a health care system under public responsibility in Cuba. The inception of the health care system refers to the first legislation stipulating entitlements to medical care. The report also includes a brief description of major health...

This country report provides a description of the emergence of a health care system under public responsibility in Eritrea. The inception of the health care system refers to the first legislation stipulating entitlements to medical care. The report also includes a brief description of major...

This country report provides a description of the emergence of a health care system under public responsibility in Serbia. The inception of the health care system refers to the first legislation stipulating entitlements to medical care. The report also includes a brief description of major...

Diese Studie richtet sich auf die beruflichen Folgen der Schwanger- und Mutterschaft von selbstständigen Handwerkerinnen in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Die Befunde zeigen, dass die Mehrheit der Handwerkerinnen, die während der Selbstständigkeit Mutter geworden sind, keine Form von...

Die Bund-Länder-Kommission "Zukunftspakt Pflege" soll bis zum Jahresende 2025 Grundlagen für eine Pflegereform erarbeiten. Ihr Arbeitsauftrag steht unter dem Oberziel der Beitragssatzstabilität. Dazu beschäftigt sich die Kommission unter anderem mit der Frage, ob eine erweiterte...

The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689) designates AI systems used in life and health insurance underwriting as high-risk systems, imposing rigorous requirements for bias testing, technical documentation, and post-deployment monitoring. Leveraging 12.4 million...

Public insurance reimbursement policies shape the structure and reach of healthcare markets. In this study, we examine the 1980 federal Medicaid mandate requiring states to reimburse Certified Nurse-Midwives, one of the first reforms targeting non-physician providers. We find the mandate...

Die Bund-Länder-Kommission "Zukunftspakt Pflege" soll bis zum Jahresende 2025 Grundlagen für eine Pflegereform erarbeiten. Ihr Arbeitsauftrag steht unter dem Oberziel der Beitragssatzstabilität. Dazu beschäftigt sich die Kommission unter anderem mit der Frage, ob eine erweiterte...

In the 2000s, the Government of the People's Republic of China extended basic health insurance to most of the population. In the 2010s, it introduced a catastrophic medical insurance (CMI) program to further improve urban and rural residents' protection against financial shocks due to inpatient...

Diese Studie richtet sich auf die beruflichen Folgen der Schwanger- und Mutterschaft von selbstständigen Handwerkerinnen in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Die Befunde zeigen, dass die Mehrheit der Handwerkerinnen, die während der Selbstständigkeit Mutter geworden sind, keine Form von...

This country report provides a description of the emergence of a health care system under public responsibility in Peru. The inception of the health care system refers to the first legislation stipulating entitlements to medical care. The report also includes a brief description of major health...

This country report provides a description of the emergence of a health care system under public responsibility in Morocco. The inception of the health care system refers to the first legislation stipulating entitlements to medical care. The report also includes a brief description of major...

Healthcare cost acceleration and resource allocation issues have worsened across European health systems, where a small group of patients drives excessive healthcare spending. The prediction of high-cost utilization patterns is important for the sustainable management of healthcare and focused...

We study the effect of royalty status - historically rooted legal privilege enjoyed by hereditary monarchs - on human longevity, a proxy of individuals' health capital. We disentangle royalty status that encompassed serving as heads of state, and hence subject to status-related stress, from...

Unequal access to healthcare and inadequate financing have highlighted the need for healthcare reform to increase efficiency while ensuring equity in healthcare financing worldwide. Our study evaluates the capacity of Kazakhstan’s healthcare system reform, transitioning from a tax-financed...

Moral hazard in health insurance arises when insured individuals are incentivized to over-utilize healthcare services, especially when they face low out-of-pocket costs. While existing literature primarily addresses moral hazard through qualitative studies, this paper introduces a quantitative...

In recent years, the actuarial literature involving machine learning in insurance pricing has flourished. However, most actuarial machine learning research focuses on property and casualty insurance, while using such techniques in health insurance is yet to be explored. In this paper, we discuss...

Business power is thought to increase over time when private actors are involved in the provision of public goods and services. This paper argues that this is partially true-and that in certain circumstances, state actors can even swiftly regain control of sectors previously ceded to private...

We leverage decades of administrative data and quasi-experimental variation in the introduction of universal long-term care (LTC) insurance in Germany in 1995 to examine whether health insurance expansions can stimulate local economies. We find that the LTC insurance rollout led not only to...

This country report provides a description of the emergence of a health care system under public responsibility in India. The inception of the health care system refers to the first legislation stipulating entitlements to medical care. The report also includes a brief description of major health...