In the context of rural sustainability and poverty alleviation within the developing world, a key dilemma facing the international community is to identify suitable strategies and mechanisms to bring multiple stakeholders together to work in efficient and sustainable ways. This paper focuses on...

The issues of income inequality and poverty are intrinsically linked and represent persistent global governance challenges. China faced significant hurdles, including absolute rural poverty and a widening urban-rural development gap. The "Targeted Poverty Alleviation" policy (TPA), implemented...

This Rural Income Diagnostic explores the state of rural poverty, rural livelihoods, and the agricultural sector in Madagascar, focusing on barriers to and opportunities for faster growth in rural agricultural income. The diagnostic then identifies four priority pathways to unlock agricultural...

This is an Open access book which examines the historical evolution of poverty alleviation relocation policy and summarizes its implementation. It highlights typical practices and examples from different regions, focusing on community management, industrial support, and employment support. The...

Climate change is associated with an increasing frequency of extreme weather events, which can severely reduce people's welfare, especially in the Global South. Here, we analyse the impacts of rainfall shocks - including lacking and excessive rains - on economic and social outcomes, using...

I investigate the intra-household labor and resource allocation consequences of an employment guarantee targeting rural households in India. The guarantee insures household earnings, replacing women as added workers and shutting down a motive for saving. Despite sizable program-job take-up, the...

Understanding the complex and multidimensional nature of poverty is essential for designing effective and targeted policy interventions in rural Ethiopia. This study examined the determinants of multidimensional poverty in Bilate River Basin in South Ethiopia, employing cross-sectional household...

This technical note outlines updated poverty trends in India, drawing on data from the 2022-23 and 2011-12 Household Consumption Expenditure Surveys (CES) conducted by the National Sample Survey Office. It introduces a new methodology based on the Modified Mixed Reference Period (MMRP) and...

Floods are becoming more frequent and severe due to climate change, population growth, and land cover changes. In Paraguay, floods are the most common weather-related hazard and disproportionately impact poor and vulnerable populations. This study contributes to understanding household-level...

Rural poverty and unemployment remain persistent challenges in Indonesia, particularly in regions where agricultural development is uneven and land conversion accelerates socio-economic disparities. These conditions are highly relevant because rural areas serve as the backbone of food security,...

The 2011-2020 period is the final stage of poverty alleviation in China, which emphasizes regional development. Using county-level panel data from 2006 to 2015, we explore the impact of regional poverty alleviation policy on economic growth of contiguous destitute areas (CDAs) in China. The...

Poverty has emerged as a significant global issue, impacting both urban and rural areas in developing countries. Its complex and multifaceted nature, encompassing profound economic, social, and psychological implications, has made addressing it even more challenging. Therefore, rural poverty is...

In the context of the European path towards carbon neutrality and energy resilience, this report investigates energy poverty in EU households and energy need challenges in the EU's building stock, focusing on the vulnerabilities and opportunities for rural areas. Based on measures of consensual...

This paper sorts out the poverty reduction mechanism of the "insurance+futures" pattern and uses actual data from the top 10 provinces in China with the highest underwriting value in the "insurance+futures" pattern since 2016 to test it by a panel data model. The results show that the...

Estimates of poverty in India post-2011/12 are subject to heated public and scholarly debate. The first official, nationally representative consumption survey after 2011/12 to be publicly released pertains to 2022/23. While this survey was also administered and fielded by India's National Sample...

Occupational stratification is the comprehensive division and classification of various occupations undertaken by members of society according to specific standards and methods. Based on China Family Panel Studies data, we use the Alkire-Foster method to calculate the rural multidimensional...

Many people in rural Africa still rely on smallholder agriculture as their main source of livelihood. Yet pursuing other economic activities beyond farming to diversify incomes becomes increasingly important. In this paper, we focus on the role of people's income aspirations in the process of...

Developing policies to foster inclusive rural transformation processes requires better evidence on how climate change is affecting the livelihoods and economic behaviours of vulnerable rural people, including women, youths and people living in poverty. In particular, there is little comparative,...

Poverty is a rural phenomenon due to the dominance of subsistence farming in rural communities. This study compares the estimates of unidimensional and multidimensional methodologies to analyse the factors that influence the poverty levels of cocoa farming households predominantly in rural...

Can entrepreneurship programs be successful labor market policies for the poor? A large share of workers in developing countries are self-employed (mostly own-account workers without paid employees, often interchangeably used as micro entrepreneurs). Their share among all workers has not changed...

Rural-to-urban migration in China has transformed the lives of millions of rural residents. This paper reviews empirical evidence on the impacts of migration on the welfare of individuals and households in rural communities. After first discussing the evolution of institutions that have shaped...

The issue of land inequality has garnered renewed interest in development literature due to its potential impact on the welfare of smallholder farmers. Poverty reduction is a crucial sustainable development goal, and a clearer understanding of the factors contributing to poverty is essential for...