Despite global advances, the digital transformation of public services in developing countries often fails to meet its objectives. This study argues that a primary reason for this is an overemphasis on technological solutions and a neglect of the broader institutional context. Through a...

Sustainable territorial development seeks to balance economic growth, social well-being, and environmental preservation across spatial contexts. In fragile and resource-constrained regions, achieving this balance remains particularly challenging. With the growing diffusion of artificial...

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the economic crises in Argentina and Lebanon to derive policy-relevant lessons for the design of IMF-supported adjustment programs in fragile economies. Using a structured comparative case study approach, the study examines crisis dynamics, policy...

Lebanon does not have a national mortality table that reflects its demographic and health conditions. Despite ongoing changes in mortality patterns driven by economic crises, political instability, and social changes, outdated foreign tables such as AM80 remain in use in the insurance and public...

This study investigates the determinants of turnover intention among real estate sales professionals in Lebanon and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), two markets that represent contrasting economic realities within the MENA region. Drawing on Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, Vroom's Expectancy...

In this digital era, many companies are integrating new solutions involving Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based automation systems to optimize processes, reach higher efficiency, and help them with decision-making. While implementing these changes, various challenges may arise, including...

This public sector pay mission scoped the available data and presents an indicative baseline and scenarios for reform. There is limited room for major increases in personnel spending and careful prioritization is needed. If implemented in 2025, adjustments to pension benefits, expanded military...

Lebanon’s economy recorded positive growth in 2025, marking a modest step toward a potential path for long-term recovery. The improvement reflects a rebound in tourism, alongside early signs of macroeconomic stabilization and some base-effect-driven gains following years of deep contraction....

The concept of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has emerged as a central framework for organizational sustainability, alongside employee performance and retention as critical human capital outcomes. This study addresses a notable gap in the literature by situating ESG practices within...

Migration scholars commonly study international migration and socio-economic integration separately, typically focusing on a single receiving country in the Global North. The TRANSMIT project adopts a transnational perspective, studying key migration routes to Europe via large-scale surveys...

This study investigates how financial literacy, FinTech adoption, and financial attitudes shape economic decision-making among millennials in Lebanon, a crisis-affected emerging economy. The study examines whether enhancing financial literacy can strengthen economic resilience through improved...

Lebanon, the land of the cedars. Lebanon is endowed with a rich and diversified natural ecosystem, ranging across coastal areas, plains, valleys, and forests; extensive water resources through springs and rivers; breathtaking landscapes and pleasant climate. This ecosystem could have constituted...

This paper aims at exploring the contexts of academic research outputs faced by Lebanese researchers at four major Lebanese business schools. It analyzes both challenges and support mechanisms at these institutions to suggest improvements to the existing framework considering the researchers'...

The Impostor Phenomenon (IP) is a widespread psychological phenomenon impacting the personal and professional experiences of individuals. This study aims to examine the impact of the IP on employee well-being, performance, and job satisfaction within Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in...

Lebanon's longstanding fixed exchange rate regime collapsed in the wake of the country's 2019 financial crisis. This paper examines the underlying causes of the collapse, offering a new policy framework based on a floating exchange rate system and detailing its superior qualities. However, the...

In the Mashreq countries of Iraq, Jordan, and Lebanon, women's economic opportunities are significantly constrained, with female labor force participation rates among the lowest globally. Women face considerable employment barriers, which include safety concerns related to harassment in public...

This paper examines the spillover effects of policy uncertainty in Lebanon on stock market volatility in seven MENA countries using a network connectedness approach. For this purpose, it constructs an economic policy uncertainty index for Lebanon using data extracted from Twitter (now X) for the...

Rapid urbanization in Lebanon poses problems of adaptation to climate change. This article aims to forecast and characterize urban growth, and to cross-analyze urban growth with anticipated temperature and precipitation information. It uses a combination of land use and land cover forecasts with...

Lebanon's economic outlook for 2025 is shaped by a fragile stabilization in the political and security environment. This follows the end of the conflict and the resolution of a two year political paralysis with the election of a president and the formation of a reform-oriented government. While...

This paper examines the impact of transactional and transformational leadership on job satisfaction and employee performance during crises, focusing on the nongovernmental organization (NGO) sector. The paper adopts a quantitative research methodology using an online structured questionnaire....

In academia, innovation intentions among students are a highly sought-after outcome due to their overarching positive impacts on performance and well-being, especially in the higher education context. This research addresses entrepreneurial education and its influence on innovation intentions...

This study investigates the impact of transformational leadership and the work environment on teacher performance, with a particular focus on how the work environment moderates this relationship within crisis-affected educational settings. A quantitative, survey-based approach was adopted,...

This summary provides an overview of guidance provided to Lebanon’s Ministry of Finance regarding the digital transformation of tax administration. It opens by describing the need to take a holistic approach to digital transformation. In Lebanon, holistic thinking is critically essential and,...

This report examines the structural nature of displacement across Gaza, the West Bank and Lebanon. It argues that displacement is not a humanitarian side effect of conflict but a deliberate and recurring strategy of Israeli governance, rooted in decades of settler-colonial and military control....

Purpose - This paper examines the factors which impact the behavioral intentions toward cryptocurrency based on signaling theory. Design/methodology/approach - Data were collected through online questionnaire, and responses from 223 individuals in Lebanon were analyzed through SEM technique...

Lebanon is passing through complex challenges, including economic collapse, political turmoil, and regional conflict. The country's stability is crucial for its citizens and regional peace, making the European Union (EU) engaged through the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) vital. The ENP...

The shadow economy's size and impact remain subjects of extensive research and debate, holding significant implications for economic policy and social welfare. In Lebanon, the ongoing crisis since 2019 has exacerbated severe economic challenges, with the national currency's collapse, bank...

This report provides an assessment of the current state of poverty and inequality in Lebanon. It documents the impact of a protracted economic crisis on households, that is well into its fifth year, along with their responses and investigates how the crisis has potentially affected labor market...

This report summarizes the findings of a series of World Bank Digital Development missions from November 2022 to July 2023 to Lebanon focused on priority use cases for digital ID and authentication services. It outlines how digital identity, as part of a wider digital transformation program,...

Amidst technological growth and its environmental implications, there's a global push for sustainable development using ethical methods that benefit both the planet and humanity. This underscores a rising corporate trend towards sustainability. Adopting this approach requires fresh methods and...

Amid Lebanon's multifaceted economic crisis, this paper explores the intricate dynamics between political patronage networks and financial stability. Grounded in the theoretical frameworks of New Institutional Economics (NIE) and Project Management (PM), the study delves into how entrenched...

This paper investigates the similarities between the economy of 1912 Mount Lebanon on the eve of the famine of 1916 and the economy of 2004 Lebanon that set the stage for the major economic and social crisis of 2019. A simple general equilibrium simulation shows that, as long as the Lebanese...

The Lebanon Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) aligns the country's short-term recovery needs with resilient, low-carbon, long-term development, building on quantitative modeling-based analytics, existing research and country diagnostics, and extensive stakeholder consultations to...

The "Comprehensive Assessment of the Childcare Landscape in Lebanon: A Mixed Methods Study" analyzes the supply and demand of formal childcare services for children aged 0-3. It provides a review of Lebanon's regulatory and institutional framework around childcare, maps out the current supply of...