Probability distributions, which are typically used to describe income distributions, are not suitable to describe a population's distribution of wealth because of the existence of negative observations and a large concentration of values close to zero. To overcome these problems, we describe...

To promote social justice and support inclusive development in East Africa, addressing land inequality is essential. Kenya and Uganda illustrate the complex factors driving land inequality in sub Saharan Africa. During colonial times, extensive fertile lands were often alienated from local...

We argue the change in individuals' Lorenz ordinates-their positions in the Lorenz curve-is informative about economic mobility. Lorenz ordinates combine the ordinal content of ranks with the cardinal content of income differences. In this way, Lorenz mobility is meaningful when there are...

Research background: Income inequalities between women and men often constitute an important area of research related to social inequalities. Differences in incomes between genders are frequently analyzed in the context of gender equality, social justice, and economic equity. Disparities in...

Part I. Continuous-Time Circular Flow Models -- Chapter 1. Introduction: Standard Growth Models -- Chapter 2. The Circular Flow Model Without State -- Chapter 3. The Circular Flow Model with Constant Parameters -- Chapter 4. Lorenz Curves and Gini Coefficients -- Part II. Discrete-Time Circular...

Given that the Lorenz curve is widely used for analyzing income distribution and inequality, this study introduces an alternative functional form for the Lorenz curve that is constructed based on the weighted average of the exponential function and the functional form implied by Pareto...

This paper introduces in statistics the notion of the barycenter of the distribution of a non-negative random variable Y with a positive finite mean μY and the quantile function Q(x). The barycenter is denoted by μX and defined as the expected value of the random variable X having the...

Given many popular functional forms for the Lorenz curve do not have a closed-form expression for the Gini index and no study has utilized the observed Gini index to estimate parameter(s) associated with the corresponding parametric functional form, a simple method for estimating the Lorenz...

This study contributes a house price prediction model selection in Tehran City based on the area between Lorenz curve (LC) and concentration curve (CC) of the predicted price by using 206,556 observed transaction data over the period from March 21, 2018, to February 19, 2021. Several different...

This paper introduces in statistics the notion of the barycenter of the distribution of a non-negative random variable and explores its relation with the Gini index, the concentration area, and the Gini’s mean difference. The introduction of the barycenter allows for new economic, geometrical,...

Caste is arguably one of the most important factors that determines social and economic outcomes in India. Few studies, however, have systematically examined caste-based inequality comparatively. This note measures contemporary levels of caste inequality in Indian states by conceptualizing...

The goal of this note is to introduce a new way of representing and characterizing the Pickands dependence function in the bivariate framework, using the Lorenz curve, a well-know tool in wealth inequality studies.We first notice that the Pickands dependence function is nothing but a Lorenz...

In recent decades, the U.S. labor market has become more unequal and polarized: wage differences have widened and middle-income jobs have been replaced by low- and high-income jobs. The rise in inequality and polarization have been more pronounced in large cities. I argue that this can be...

This paper defines and characterizes the concept of an increase in inverse downside inequality and show that, when the Lorenz curves of two income distributions intersect, how the change from one distribution to the other is judged by an inequality index exhibiting inverse downside inequality...

This paper is concerned with the problem of ranking Lorenz curves in situations where the Lorenz curves intersect and no unambiguous ranking can be attained without introducing weaker ranking criteria than first-degree Lorenz dominance. To deal with such situations two alternative sequences of...

We decompose the generalized Lorenz order into a size and a distribution component. The former is represented by stochastic dominance, the latter by the standard Lorenz order. We show that it is always possible, given generalized Lorenz dominance between two distributions F and G, to find...