Mit Blick auf gemeingesellschaftliche Ziele wie Klimaneutralität oder der Achtung von Menschenrechten werden mit Compliance- und ESG-Vorgaben Unternehmen in Deutschland und der EU von den Gesetzgebern zunehmend in die Verantwortung genommen. Durch Gesetze wie etwa dem deutschen...

This paper provides measures of compliance with labour regulations that vary across space, time, and type of regulation, allowing for a rich analysis of worker vulnerability. We compute a multidimensional index of labour violations that covers minimum wages, leave benefits and social security in...

onstitutions as the formal foundation of a country's legal and political system have important economic and political effects. Yet, we still know little about why constitutions set effective constraints on politicians in some societies, while being largely disregarded in others. Here, we ask if...

Populist governance is fundamentally at odds with constitutionalism. As a political project, populism rejects constraints on "the will of the people," including those essential to liberal-democratic constitutions. Yet, the extent to which elected populists actually undermine constitutional order...

In a model of asymmetric regulation, a firm can comply with two regulatory targets, and a regulator can audit the firm for compliance. Inspection by the regulator is imperfect, and it assesses the firm’s compliance with the targets with different success probabilities. The firm fully complies...

This paper provides measures of compliance with labour regulations that vary across space, time, and type of regulation, allowing for a rich analysis of worker vulnerability. We compute a multidimensional index of labour violations that covers minimum wages, leave benefits and social security in...

Constitutional compliance varies significantly across countries and over time. One might, therefore, expect that constitutional change is systematically used to bring constitutional rules in line with constitutional practice. We investigate whether constitutional change indeed induces better...

EFCA promotes the highest common standards for the control, inspection and surveillance under the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). The purpose of the European Fisheries Control Agency is to ensure a high, uniform and effective level of control, inspection and compliance with the rules of the...

EFCA promotes the highest common standards for the control, inspection and surveillance under the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). The purpose of the European Fisheries Control Agency is to ensure a high, uniform and effective level of control, inspection and compliance with the rules of the...

Constitutions as the formal foundation of a country's legal and political system have important economic and political effects. Yet, we still know little about why constitutions set effective constraints on politicians in some societies, while being largely disregarded in others. Here, we ask if...

Populist governance is fundamentally at odds with constitutionalism. As a political project, populism rejects constraints on "the will of the people," including those essential to liberal-democratic constitutions. Yet, the extent to which elected populists actually undermine constitutional order...

The principle of subsidiarity requires decisions to be taken at the lowest practical level of government without, however, jeopardising mutually beneficial cooperation at the supranational level. Recent decades have seen efforts to strengthen the subsidiarity principle in EU law, including the...

International humanitarian law (IHL) sets out rules limiting and mitigating the impact of armed conflict. Establishing a careful balance between humanitarian considerations and military requirements, IHL constitutes a set of fundamental safeguarding rules under international law. The scope of...

International humanitarian law (IHL) sets out rules limiting and mitigating the impact of armed conflict. Establishing a careful balance between humanitarian considerations and military requirements, IHL constitutes a set of fundamental safeguarding rules under international law. The scope of...

Why do people obey the law when it is not formally enforced? In this study, we explore the expressive power of democracy as a behavioral channel of compliance with the law. Using a modified version of the stealing game, we examine the effect of two distinct democratic interventions on stealing...

Traditional top-down tax gap assessments identify the size of a tax gap, but not its origins. By extracting more granular information from top-down tax gap assessments, and combining this information with compliance risk management (CRM) techniques, it is possible to: improve the accuracy of CRM...

This study investigates how institutional rules and fairness in enforcement affect cooperation and compliance in heterogenous groups. In a preregistered online experiment (n = 1, 254), we vary both the existence of a rule governing contributions to a public good as well as whether enforcement of...

This paper analyzes compliance with emission regulations, focusing on investment in innovation and cheating as primary strategies. Firms prioritize developing a truly compliant technology but may activate a cheating device depending on the outcome of innovation, the monitoring system in place,...

This paper studies the effects of the 2017 multilateral automatic exchange of information (AEoI) on tax compliance in Switzerland. Using detailed administrative tax data and difference-in-differences designs, I find significant positive compliance effects. The AEoI prompted 107k taxpayers (2% of...

Die Frage, ob und inwieweit Unternehmen für rechts- oder regelwidriges Verhalten ihrer Lieferanten im Bereich der Nachhaltigkeit haften, gewinnt vor dem Hintergrund zunehmender regulatorischer Anforderungen und wachsender gesellschaftspolitischer Erwartungen an Bedeutung. Die vorliegende...

Mit Blick auf gemeingesellschaftliche Ziele wie Klimaneutralität oder der Achtung von Menschenrechten werden mit Compliance- und ESG-Vorgaben Unternehmen in Deutschland und der EU von den Gesetzgebern zunehmend in die Verantwortung genommen. Durch Gesetze wie etwa dem deutschen...

This report is part of a series of regular reports published by the Eurosystem's Advisory Group on Market Infrastructures for Securities and Collateral (AMI-SeCo) covering the progress made in defining and assessing compliance with the standards included in the Single Collateral Management...

Targeted financial sanctions are routinely used to combat financial crime. As they are endorsed by the United Nations and the Financial Action Task Force, the vast majority of jurisdictions have established regulatory frameworks that make provision for targeted financial sanctions. These...

We analyze how conventional emissions trading schemes (ETS) can be modified by introducing ”clean-up certificates” to allow for a phase of net-negative emissions. Clean-up certificates bundle the permission to emit CO2 with the obligation for its removal. We show that demand for such...

A bonus on the fine in response to the defendant running a corporate compliance program is superfluous because working leniency programs provide all the incentives necessary to implement efficient compliance. Others opposed to such a bonus argue that unreduced fines are sufficient to incentivize...

Drawing on the implementation of the compliance management guidelines issued by China's SASACs, we construct a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact of the implementation of these guidelines on the investment efficiency of SOEs. The investment efficiency of SOEs is significantly...

International humanitarian law (IHL) sets out rules limiting and mitigating the impact of armed conflict. Establishing a careful balance between humanitarian considerations and military requirements, IHL constitutes a set of fundamental safeguarding rules under international law. The scope of...