Die vorliegende Studie untersucht erstmals systematisch die Stimmung von Familienunternehmen in Deutschland, Frankreich, Italien und Spanien. Auf Basis von rund 2 000 Interviews mit Führungskräften zeigt sich: 67% der Familienunternehmen blicken langfristig moderat optimistisch in die Zukunft,...

This article examines the bullion and cash supply networks exploited by a pre-industrial government in times of financial, economic and material distress. The case study focuses on the monetary policy of the Republic of Venice and on the decisions taken by the main deliberative body, the Senate,...

This paper studies how the interplay between the cycle and firm-specific characteristics (firm size and exporting activities) shapes firms' choice between exploratory and exploitative innovation investments. We analyze the PITEC database, a panel of Spanish firms in manufacturing and service...

This research article analyses the situation in the labour markets in Germany and Spain using a comparative study to identify differences in job security and stability and the possibility of working from home. The study is based on data from statistical sources provided by Eurofound (2024) with...

The rapid growth of e-Commerce in Latin America, driven by the increase in digital adoption among younger generations and accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has reshaped how businesses engage with consumers. In Peru alone, the number of online shoppers increased by 131% between 2019 and 2021....

This study analyses how brands' content marketing strategies on social networks influence electronic word of mouth (eWOM), a major predictor of business success that reflects consumer engagement and shapes behaviours such as increased purchase intention, willingness to pay more, reduced...

As sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility gained increasing importance in agriculture, several impact assessment methodologies have been proposed. Social Return on Investment (SROI), a methodology used for understanding, measuring, and reporting the social, economic, and...

This VET policy brief produced by Cedefop presents a snapshot of vocational education and training policy developments in Spain between 2020 and the end of 2024. It presents the context and the challenges the country faces, a selection of the latest VET-related statistics, as well as the...

Spanish society is plural and has experienced substantive transformations in recent decades. Some respond to global megatrends (e.g., demographic imbalances and ageing population1 or changes in consumption patterns); others are the result of coping with conjuncture phenomena such as economic...

The Floods Directive (FD) established a framework for flood risk management. It foresees 6-yearly cycles aiming at the reduction of the adverse consequences associated with floods in the European Union (EU). The first cycle covered the period 2010-15. The second cycle covers the period 2016-21....

In early modern Spain, state capacity has been regarded as weak in the historical literature. In this paper, we assess the Spanish Monarchy’s ability to implement its policies through an output measure rather than an input - specifically, the distribution of the Bull of the Crusade....

Spain has one of the highest participation rates in early childhood education and care in the EU. Current efforts focus on supporting disadvantaged children through fee reductions and priority admission. The share of early leavers from education and training is falling and the decline in basic...

Spain faces a complex situation regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Moreover, antimicrobial consumption (AMC) in humans and animals remains above the European Union (EU) average. In 2014, Spain launched the first National Plan against Antibiotic Resistance (PRAN) to reduce misuse and...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

In developed countries such as Spain, where the population is increasingly aging, retirement planning and longevity risk represent major societal challenges. In Spain, in particular, a significant proportion of household wealth is concentrated in real estate, primarily in the form of...

We study the evolution of intergenerational educational mobility and related distributional statistics in Spain. Over recent decades, mobility has risen by one-third, coinciding with pronounced declines in inequality and assortative mating among the same cohorts. To explore these patterns, we...

We present an historical background and narrative of Spanish policies affecting Philippine trade that maps them onto the changing landscape of influential ideas and emerging political and economic exigencies confronting the colonizing power. An integral or global perspective is adopted that...

The Spanish Minimum Income scheme, introduced in 2020, offers beneficiaries a unique national guaranteed income as a last-resort benefit. However, the scheme's design featured a lack of work incentives for low earners, potentially leading to inactivity traps. To address this flaw the Spanish...

This working paper evaluates the impact of the COSME Loan Guarantee Facility (LGF) on SMEs in Greece, Poland, Spain, and Romania between 2015 and 2023. Using advanced econometric methods, we compare SMEs that received a guarantee with a control group of similar companies. We find that SMEs...

This work presents PyPSA-Spain, an open-source, high-resolution model of the Spanish energy system, developed as a national-scale fork of PyPSA-Eur. The model integrates detailed national datasets to improve the representation of renewable generation profiles (via quantile-to-quantile...

The present report proposes five price transmission analyses in three MS (Italy, Spain and Croatia). Among the five analyses conducted, all analyses cover preserved anchovy of national origin retailed in national supermarkets. As follows: - 80 g of salted anchovies in olive oil retailed in Italy...

This policy brief presents one such initiative: a Peer2Peer study visit by the Andalusian delegation to their counterparts in Finland and Denmark. Facilitated by the Joint Research Centre and supported by the TAIEX-REGIO Peer2Peer instrument in collaboration with DG REGIO, the visit aimed to...

International migrants choose their country of residence to maximize their utility. As a result, their choices are informative about the relative attractiveness of countries. This paper explains why Spain became the fourth most attractive country in the world for international migrants in the...

Purpose This research investigates the effect of accessibility to points of tourist interest (buffer) and direct and indirect spatial spillover effects of agglomeration economies on tourism industry revenues in Spain. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from the Bureau van Dijk's...

Purpose This study analyzes the impact of sports social media on a country regarding three international events connected to the brand Spain. It examines (1) the use and importance of various social media platforms in sports events and (2) identifies the countries generating the most social...

Purpose In the current context of change, leadership is significant in developing employees' commitment to change. In this work, the authors analysed the relationship between inclusive leadership and commitment to change and the mediating effect of job satisfaction between inclusive leadership...

The aim of this work is to analyze the factors that help companies avoid liquidation following the spirit of the Spanish insolvency law. This work focuses on the phase starting when companies file for bankruptcy and ending with the completion of the common phase. We apply the agency theory to...

The aim of our research is to provide additional evidence of international migration's impact on economic growth in regions with ageing populations, namely by analysing the impact on rural versus urban areas in Spain. With Spanish provinces categorised as predominantly urban, predominantly rural...

Accommodation constitutes a key element in the competitiveness of a destination. However, there is limited information on how overnight tourists evaluate the destination according to the type of accommodation. To date, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have led to an increased...