We build a simple formal model of governance. Investments and control rights over assets and labor are fully contractible, but final production decisions are ex ante uncontractible, and ex post negotiations are inefficient. If sunk costs are low, suppliers own assets and trade takes the form of...

This article examines the price effects of gasoline stations following a retail merger in 2022. Using detailed station-level price data from 2020 to 2024, the analysis shows that fuel prices increase at both merging stations and their competitors, but with regional differences. These regional...

In this paper, we study supplier encroachment in competition with multi-product retailers and its effects on retail profits under endogenous consumer shopping behavior. We find that supplier encroachment (weakly) increases both supplier and retailer profits, as the retailer benefits from better...

Widespread market imperfections in agricultural value chains raise the possibility that regulatory interventions may enhance efficiency and farmers' welfare. We develop a structural model of agricultural value chains and estimate it using rich data from Costa Rica's coffee sector to evaluate...

Das automatisierte Profiling ist ein regelbasiertes Verfahren im Statistischen Bundesamt, um einfache und komplexe Unternehmen innerhalb von Unternehmensgruppen abzugrenzen. Mithilfe der Daten und Merkmale zu Rechtlichen Einheiten aus dem statistischen Unternehmensregister werden statistische...

Purpose - This paper aims to present the vertical integration state-of-the-art and propose an expansion of the operations and supply chain management (OSCM) field by identifying gaps and bottlenecks. Design/methodology/approach - This paper uses a systematic literature review based on a sample...

This study examined the vertical transmission of wheat price among the main value chain, looking at the pricing behaviour of certain role players in the wheat production/supply and the distribution of bread, which is a major staple food consumed in South Africa. A nonlinear autoregressive...

This study provides an overview of the impact of commodity traders on agricultural markets. It examines the ramifications of financialisation, explores prevailing trends, and confronts the challenges that characterise the industry's landscape. Moreover, after analysing the regulatory state of...

This study provides an overview of the impact of commodity traders on agricultural markets. It examines the ramifications of financialisation, explores prevailing trends, and confronts the challenges that characterise the industry's landscape. Moreover, after analysing the regulatory state of...

An effective way to foster cooperation is to monitor behaviour and sanction freeriding. Yet, previous studies have shown that cooperation quickly declines when sanctioning mechanisms are removed. We test if explicitly expressing trust in players' capability to maintain cooperation after the...

We analyze the BRICs countries' role in Global Value Chains (GVCs) and their trade patterns in value-added and vertical specialization, using the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) from 2000-2014 with a decomposition model of intermediate goods and trade flows. Our findings reveal increased...

Das automatisierte Profiling ist ein regelbasiertes Verfahren im Statistischen Bundesamt, um einfache und komplexe Unternehmen innerhalb von Unternehmensgruppen abzugrenzen. Mithilfe der Daten und Merkmale zu Rechtlichen Einheiten aus dem statistischen Unternehmensregister werden statistische...

The adtech industry plays a key role in facilitating connections between digital publishers and advertisers. This paper studies the impact of vertical integration between an intermediary and a major publisher on the online advertising ecosystem and the provision of content. We find that vertical...

Background The literature on care coordination refers to high service costs, low quality, and consumer dissatisfac- tion, as the consequences of institutional fragmentation and uncoordinated care. Objectives In this work we are concerned with the role financial incentives (reimbursement schemes)...

Lotus plants have emerged as a relatively new commodity in the food industry in Vietnam, with significant economic potential from its diverse applications in medicine, cosmetics, food, and decoration. Vertical coordination, involving strategic alignment and collaboration among different actors...

We study an agency model with vertical hierarchy - the principal, the prime-agent and the sub-agent. The principal faces a project that needs both agents' services. Due to costly communication, the principal receives a report only from the prime-agent, who receives a report from the sub-agent....

This study examines how the impact of Tradable Green Certificates (TGC) on profitability and investment behavior varies depending on the vertical integration status of regulated firms. Our theoretical model predicts that vertical integration does not lead to higher profits when internal pricing...