The "European" agricultural model introduced during the first British settlement in 1788 proved unsuitable for the very different Australian environment, forcing farmers to adapt creatively. This study examines how climate shaped such adaptive behavior in wheat farming in Australia from the...

The collapse of the Soviet Union and the Iron Wall as well as the emergence of Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine and Romania as major actors on international grain markets since 2000 had increased the hope for a more stable international grain market. However, various short-run trade policy...

The Egyptian pound (LE) has experienced multiple devaluations over the last few years. One of the proclaimed causes was the severe rise in the prices of Egypt's two main imports - wheat and oil - that followed the eruption of the Russian-Ukraine war and inflated Egypt's import bill, resulting in...

This paper assesses the impact of the Black Sea Grain Initiative on the grain futures market. We rely on counterfactual evaluation techniques and detailed futures price series to estimate how corn and wheat futures prices and historical volatility responded to the Grain Deal enforcement,...

Adverse weather conditions can affect both crop yield quantity and yield quality. In wheat production, especially the risk of a downgrading due to low baking quality, as indicated by the Hagberg Falling Number, can cause large economic losses after precipitation events. We here estimate...

Türkiye has possessed significant agricultural opportunities throughout its history. Although the effective utilization of these opportunities is a subject of debate today, the country still plays a significant role in the global trade of some agricultural products. When discussions about...

The magnitude and sign of risk premiums provide relevant information on the structure of a given market. However, there is no consensus on commodity markets if there is a risk premium, and if so, if it is positive or negative. In addition, in recent years, there has been a discussion on the...

The cost of food rose all over the world in 2022. The spike in the prices of bread was swift and shocking, partly because of its symbolic value in many countries and its importance as a staple, which turns its scarcity into a political issue. This phenomenon is particularly worrisome in...

We present a Bayesian structural Vector Autoregressive model of the global wheat market to examine the relative importance of supply and demand shocks, which are interpreted as the fundamental driving forces of wheat price. To our knowledge, this is the first SVAR analysis that jointly considers...

This study proposes integrated image processing and deep learning approaches for wheat rust disease detection and grading. Wheat stripe rust is one of the diseases affecting the crop in nearly all wheat-growing countries, where humidity and high temperatures characterize the growing season. The...

In many Sub-Saharan countries, farmers cannot meet the growing urban demand for higher quality products. While the literature has focused on production-side constraints to enhancing smallholder farmers’ output quality, there is scarce evidence of market-side constraints. Using a sample of 60...

The purpose of this study is to analyse the nexus between water, wheat and war in Egypt. Currently, the obstructed diffusion of the wheat market in Egypt prevents it from acquiring its fair share among other countries in terms of production versus its consumption. Water and Wheat...

The 2018 United States Farm Bill has opened the possibility for farmers to increase their profits through hemp cultivation. The literature suggests hemp has the potential to replace soybeans in soybean-wheat double-cropping because hemp shares key attributes of soybeans as a rotation crop...

The article addresses the problems related to the functioning of the worldwide market of wheat and meslin. The authors identify the countries that over the past 17 years have been among the top 10 world leaders in terms of the value of export and import of wheat and meslin. The structure of...

We extract implied price densities from wheat derivative prices during the first seven months of the Ukrainian war. Differences between short- and longterm densities indicate that market expectations about the duration of the conflict changed over time. Under simplifying assumptions, we...

Introduction. Actors, places, and exchanges of the global wheat market 1. Grain merchants and famines in late Renaissance. Giovanni Maria Mersi, Tommaso Barana and the provisioning of Padua and Vicenza (1572-1616). 2. Grain Traders and the Wheat Trade in 16th and 17th century Genoa 3....

This paper investigates the effect of public stockholding on commodity price dynamics and volatility with an application to Indian wheat market. The analysis is based on reduced form representation of price dynamics and relies on quantile autoregression (QAR) approach. The QAR provides flexible...

Benefiting from pedoclimatic conditions favorable to grain cultivation, Romania was an important player in international trades. In the context of the current geopolitical changes, the paper aims to identify the position occupied by Romania in the global trade of maize and wheat in the period...

It is widely recognized that climate change makes the weather more erratic. Since the combination of temperature and precipitation is a major driver ofgrain crop productivity, more frequent extreme rainfalls and heat waves, flooding and draught tend to make grain production and hence grain...

Understanding how climate change affects the phosphorus (P) nutrition of crops grown on acid soils is important to optimize the management of and to secure future food production on these soils. This study assessed the impact of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on the P nutrition of wheat (Triticum aestivum)...

The intensive use of acetochlor in China leads to its extensive existence in soil which may show contamination on the crop and commodities. Therefore, it is vital to assess the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of acetochlor to crops. In this study, four measurements involved in in situ pore...

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic, non-essential heavy metal; its accumulation in plants alters metabolism and limits productivity. Though various studies have addressed Cd stress response in various species, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Therefore, the present work investigated the...

Agricultural lands represent vast terrestrial surfaces, in which agricultural practices are likely to offer leverages to store carbon in soil. We hypothesize that ancient wheat varieties could store more carbon than modern ones, due to a likely bigger and deeper root system. Since modern...

Quantifying net primary productivity (NPP) is very important for understanding the global carbon cycle and assessing ecosystem carbon dynamics. But there are still uncertainties in the estimation of NPP. Using the winter wheat data from the experimental station in 2019, this study evaluated the...

In many Sub-Saharan countries, farmers cannot meet the growing urban demand for higher quality products, leading to increasing dependency on imports. While the literature has focused on production-side constraints to enhancing smallholder farmers’ output quality, there is scarce evidence of...

Knowledge of water budgeting in soil-water-plant system is the key to irrigation management to achieve higher water use efficiency. Conservation agriculture (CA) through minimum soil disturbance modifies soil matrix and pore systems, bringing changes in soil hydraulic properties, which are...

Accurate crop evapotranspiration simulation is vital for reasonable irrigation planning. The two-step method for crop evapotranspiration estimation has been widely used for irrigation water demand management. However, in the two-step method, the crop coefficient ( K c ) is typically taken as a...

Monoculture practices under conventional tillage (CT) are detrimental to sustainable soil ecosystem functions and services under intensive agriculture practices, ultimately diminishing net benefits. Conservation practices, such as no-till (NT) and cover crops (CC) can nurture sustainable soil...

In the process of using discrete element method (DEM) to simulate the interaction between straw and machinery, because the existing straw model does not have destructible characteristics, some interaction process cannot be simulated, which affects the accuracy of simulation. In order to solve...

Global increasing application of nanomaterials and their natural formation from complex materials is considered a major concern. Glass contamination didn’t get attention until now regarding its micro and nano size. Therefore, there is an urgent need for research on possible glass particles...