Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Yucca Mountain, Nevada
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued radiation protection standards for the potential spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste disposal system in Yucca Mountain, Nevada. These standards are found in Part 197 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (40 CFR Part 197). The Energy Policy Act of 1992 directed, and gave the authority to, EPA to take this action based upon input from the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). The final standards were published in the Federal Register (66 FR 32073) on 13 June 2001. The 40 CFR Part 197 standards have four major parts: (1) individual-protection during storage activities; (2) individual-protection following closure of the repository; (3) human-intrusion; and (4) ground-water protection. The storage standard is 150 microsieverts (Sv) annual committed effective dose equivalent (CEDE) to any member of the general public. The disposal standards are: (1) 150 Sv annual CEDE for the reasonably maximally exposed individual (RMEI) for 10,000 years after disposal; (2) 150 Sv received by the RMEI within 10,000 years after disposal as a result of human intrusion; and (3) the levels of radionuclides in the ground water cannot exceed 40 Sv from beta and gamma emitters, 5 picocuries per liter (pCi/L) of radium-226 and -228, and 15 pCi/L of gross alpha activity. There are also requirements related to the post-10,000-year period, the basis of compliance judgments, and performance assessments. The Agency has published its responses to the comments received, its technical background document, and its economic impact analysis. In addition to printed form, the documents are available on the World Wide Web at http://www.epa.gov/radiation/yucca/index.html.
Year of publication: |
2009-07-30
|
---|---|
Authors: | Clark, R. L. |
Subject: | management of radioactive wastes, and non-radioactive wastes from nuclear facilities | nuclear fuel cycle and fuel materials | energy planning, policy and economy | DOSE EQUIVALENTS | ECONOMIC IMPACT | ENERGY POLICY | GROUND WATER | HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES | HUMAN INTRUSION | NUCLEAR FUELS | RADIATION PROTECTION | RADIOISOTOPES | RADIUM 226 | US EPA | WASTE MANAGEMENT | YUCCA MOUNTAIN |
Saved in:
freely available
Saved in favorites
Similar items by subject
-
Many Roads to Travel: Alternative Approaches to Route Selection for Yucca Mountain Shipments
Dilger, F., (2009)
-
How significant is perceived environmental risk to business location decisions?
Allison, T., (2009)
-
Neill, H. R., (2009)
- More ...