Navigating the new normal : the European Union's changing stance on globalization in the era of trade conflicts

The European Union (EU) is becoming more inward looking and more hesitant towards globalization. This paper examines recent transformations in EU's economic policies, with a focus on international trade and industrial policy. It argues that these changes reflect the EU's response to the evolving global economic and political landscape, driven by factors such as China's rise and the US's protectionist policies. By analyzing the potential consequences of these policy adjustments on EU industries' competitiveness and trade relations, the paper offers insights into the future prospects of EU economic policies and their role in shaping the global economy.