Theoretical investigation of the system SnOx/Sn for the thermochemical storage of solar energy
The thermodynamic data of the system SnO2/SnO/Sn in the absence and presence of CH4 and C are calculated as a function of temperature. The direct dissociation of SnOx without any reducing substances needs temperatures T>2000 K at 1 bar. In the presence of CH4 or C, SnOx can be reduced at T<1250 K. The production of H2 from Sn, SnO and H2O is investigated. A real overall solar yield ηreal is defined which compares the output of real fuel cells, fed by solar-produced chemicals, with the total solar input necessary to produce these chemicals. ηreal is then used to find the most promising thermochemical reaction of the system SnO2/SnO/Sn+C/CH4. The optimal reaction is SnO2+2CH4↔Sn+2CO+4H2, proceeding at 980 K (ΔrG=−60 kJ), which is followed by Sn+2H2O↔SnO2+2H2. CO and H2 are then fed to fuel cells producing electricity with ηreal=0.23. The amount of solar upgrading of the fossil fuels CH4 and C is given. A combination of solar reactor, heat recovery device and a following reactor to produce H2 is proposed. The dimension, volume and mass flow of the solar reactor are calculated and the amount of simultaneously produced electricity is given.
Year of publication: |
2004
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Authors: | Forster, Martin |
Published in: |
Energy. - Elsevier, ISSN 0360-5442. - Vol. 29.2004, 5, p. 789-799
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Publisher: |
Elsevier |
Saved in:
Online Resource
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