Do sanctions strengthen the targeted regime? I analyze the 2014 imposition of Western sanctions on Russia and its impact on voting. The United States and the European Union introduced targeted measures against Russian entities and individuals related to President Putin’s regime. Using polling...

Decades of investment decisions by central planners left communist societies with structures of production ill-prepared for competitive markets. Their vulnerability to liberalization, however, varied across space. Similar to the effects identified in the "China shock'' literature, we hypothesize...

How important is a relationship with a bank to a firm’s performance and survival? If firms can easily switch among different sources of credit supply, then the loss of any one source may have little implication for the firms that have borrowed from that source. However, to the extent that...

OFEL 2020 Conference will be held virtually. The OFEL 2020 conference offers a unique opportunity for scholars and practitioners interested in the issues related to leadership, governance, management, education, and entrepreneurship to share their thinking and latest research findings.

The OFEL 2019 conference offers a unique opportunity for scholars and practitioners interested in the issues related to leadership, governance, management, education, and entrepreneurship to share their thinking and latest research findings. We would like to invite all scholars, post‐graduate...

The OFEL 2018 conference offers a unique opportunity for scholars and practitioners interested in the issues related to leadership, governance, management, education, and entrepreneurship to share their thinking and latest research findings. We are very pleased to announce that the academic...

The OFEL 2017 conference offers a unique opportunity for scholars and practitioners interested in the issues related to leadership, governance, management, communication, and entrepreneurship to share their thinking and latest research findings. We would like to invite all scholars,...

The OFEL 2016 conference offers a unique opportunity for scholars and practitioners interested in the issues related to governance, management and entrepreneurship to share their thinking and latest research findings.

The OFEL 2015 conference offers a unique opportunity for scholars and practitioners interested in the issues related to governance, management and entrepreneurship to share their thinking and latest research findings. The keynote speaker at the OFEL 2015 Conference will be Professor Davide...