Стратегии институциональных реформ, или искусство реформ

This paper is based on the author’s lecture given at the Russian Summer School on Institutional Analysis 2007, organized by the State University — Higher School of Economics with the financial support of Innovation educational program. The author defines a reform as an intentional institutional change so in any economic system there are always some agents who develop and apply the transformation plan; that is why in his lecture the author emphasizes the institutional reform planning process. Referring to Russian experience of reforms compared to other countries’ (China, Slovenia, etc.) practice, two possible ways of new institution appearance are described: an institution may be constructed or imported from leading economic systems (the so called transplantation method). Some particular cases of reforming — such as “shock therapy”, intermediate institutions strategy appliance, etc. — are analyzed. Thus the paper discusses some of the requirements to the trajectory of institutional changes aimed to provide the successful reform realization.