Структурні виклики в системі виробництва та зовнішньої торгівлі для України: європейська інтеграція чи її імітація

The article is devoted to the content of the principle of comparative advantage in the country's production system and foreign trade and its key role in the early stages of implementation of the Agreement on Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area between Ukraine and the European Union. The assessment methodology of commodity and sectoral revealed comparative advantage of the country's foreign trade in relationship with factors of natural comparative advantage in production is presented. The structural analysis of Ukraine’s foreign trade with the world and extra with the EU-28 is conducted, including estimation of trade openness degree of commodity production sectors, FDI and also Ukraine’s commodity and sectoral revealed comparative advantages /their absence. The main indicators of Ukrainian commodity production by sector (economic activity) are calculated. The data set of parameters and characteristics of commodity production by sectors and the results of foreign trade are constructed. The statistic relationships between Ukraine’s commodity production indicators and foreign trade results for world and extra for the EU-28 are found. The degree of optimum for trade model between Ukraine and the EU at the start of implementation of the Agreement on free trade area is estimated. Proposals to strengthen the commodity production and trade relations optimality for Ukraine with EU are given.