防災集団移転事業などの復興政策の現状と課題

本論文は、東日本大震災の被災地域の復興政策、特に、防災集団移転事業について、現在の状況と将来の課題を議論している。特に、被災地が縮小期にあることを踏まえて、防災集団移転事業を評価していく。具体的なケースとして、ハリケーンカトリーナで著しく被災したニューオリンズの住宅復興政策と比較しながら、東日本大震災で甚大な被害を受けた石巻市の住宅復興政策の現状と課題を整理していく。本論文の結論としては、被災地域に居住制限をかけて強制的に移住させるのでなく、自然災害リスクの情報開示したうえで、居住者に対して、継続居住か移転かの選択を委ねる住宅復興政策が望ましいことを提案する。, In this paper, we explore the current situations and future issues about the earthquake recovery policies, in particular, the group relocation projects for disaster mitigation, which have been applied to the residential areas severely damaged by tsunamis in the Great East Japan Earthquake. In doing so, we pay serious attention to the fact that these damaged areas had been shrinking in terms of population even before the Earthquake. As a case study, we carefully compare Ishinomaki City with New Orleans, both of which were hit by severe natural disasters when they were shrinking. Based on our investigation, we propose a recovery policy which allows residents to dwell in tsunami-damaged areas if they wish unlike the current policy which forces residents to leave damaged areas.