Economic evaluation of development of milk prices in the Czech Republic and in the European Union

The milk market is one of the most important commodity markets with agrarian products. From 1977 to 2009 it is possible to identify four wholly different periods in the development of purchase prices of milk in European Union countries. The first period is defined in years 1977 to 1990. This phase is associated with an increase in price of realization and a with strong seasonal trend. In the second phase of development (from 1991 to 2002) it leads to stagnation of the prices and it is not measurable any significant trend. The third stage occurs with the entry of new countries into the European Union in 2003 and ending in 2007. Opening new markets and removing trade barriers led naturally to compensate for price level of old and new countries. Attenuates the effect of seasonal variations. In the last phase (starting in 2008) there is a turbulent development which does not allow a description with the mathematical model. The contribution is part of the research project MSM 6007665806.