The analyzes of the SOEP data from Pusch (2018) have shown a clear rise in wages in the low-wage sector since the introduction of the minimum wage in Germany in 2015, without the expected sharp decline in employment. Thus, on balance the minimum wage has a positive influence on the German economy. With a wage increase of 9.9 percent in the German hospitality industry, this sector is one of the most affected by the minimum wage (see Pusch, 2018). Chapter 4 has shown that, despite this significant increase in wages, there have been moderate developments in the occupancy, recruitment and dismissal behavior in hospitality industry. If a company was directly affected by the minimum wage, it less often carried out redundancies or laid-off staff. Only in connection with the promotion of further education does the minimum wage intensity in have a negative impact in the German hospitably sector. If businesses were indirectly affected by the minimum wage, the likelihood that redundancies have been carried out increased. Larger companies in the hospitality industry, which were located in East Germany, have responded to the minimum wage by increasing prices and withhold in new hires. With 34.2 percent Pusch (2018) notes in his article that the hospitality industry is one of the most infringing economic sector that in context with the new minimum wage. In addition to improved control systems and tightening of these infringements, decision-makers should use this fact as an incentive to give special consideration to the sectors and regions most affected by minimum wages. For example, adapting working hours from maximum daily length to weekly maximum hours based on the European Work Directive would be a conceivable step in this direction (Lück, 2016). Another industry where the statutory minimum wage bit hard was German agriculture; especially the areas with a high proportion of seasonal workers, such as horticulture. In Chapter 5, the impact of introducing minimum wages on the horticultural industry in Baden-Württemberg was analyzed. Even if the data from this survey is not representative, they show questionable developments in this economy sector. Besides the increase in sales prices, the layoffs of workers and the substitution of workers by machines, some horticulturists in Baden-Württemberg have cleared their tilled fields in response to the increased wage costs due to the introduction of minimum wages. A harvest under minimum wage conditions at prevailing producer prices was too expensive for these farms; Clearing turned out to be a more economical alternative. The regression analyzes have shown that larger horticultural companies in Baden-Württemberg have a significantly lower probability of having problems with the implementation of the Working Hours Act in connection with the introduction of minimum wages. As the number of seasonal workers increases, however, there is a significant increase in the likelihood that businesses will have problems with the maximum hours of work and the statutory day of rest. In addition, there is a highly significant job dissatisfaction that horticulturists have perceived to be among the seasonal workers, the higher the wage increase was due to the introduction of the statutory minimum wage. Besides the introduction of minimum wages, German horticulture experienced significant yield losses in 2017. As a result, developments in the industry can not clearly be assigned to the statutory lower wage limit. Nevertheless, economic sectors with such special conditions should be paid special attention to in the discussion about the minimum wage. An industry that is constantly being pushed aside in Germany should not be burdened with additional strain, especially as the horticultural labor force, which is affected by the minimum wage, consists predominantly of seasonal workers (whose recruitment is increasingly becoming a challenge for horticulturists). The fight against German work poverty can therefore not be achieved with the nationwide minimum wage in horticulture. In addition to the challenges faced by some economic sectors with the introduction of the minimum wage, the German labor market is increasingly struggling to secure skilled workers (see Fuchs et al., 2018). The immigration wave of the recent years provides opportunities for the German economy to remedy this situation. However, these are still workers who clearly differ from local employees. Especially in the initial phase, significant burdens for German companies can be assumed. Although politicians are keen to improve the integration of workers in Germany, in-house measures for this support remain a significant contribution (see Fuchs et al., 2018). In Chapter 6, the integration of refugees into the labor market of the German construction sector was analyzed qualitatively. This is an industry that, with its collectively agreed minimum wage, is significantly above the statutory level, in which the influence of a lower wage limit should be more clearly reflected in the integration ideas of companies. However, the analysis has shown that the shrinking workforce of the construction industry makes an expansion of the pool of workers urgently necessary. The basic idea behind the employment of refugees is present in German construction companies, but it is still subject to reservations. These have to be counteracted by promotion measures, adapted qualification measures and advice centers. The revision of the derived theses from Chapter 6 on the basis of data from the IAB Establishment Panel 2016 confirms the reluctance to integrate labor market integration of refugees into the German construction market (see Chapter 7). When interpreting the results, it should be noted that the survey asked for data on the employment of foreign workers who came to Germany in recent years. This question does not allow a clear assignment to the status of a refugee. The calculations have shown that the company size has a positive and the search for workers a negative effect on the employment of refugees. The question of the existence of integration measures in the companies shows a clear reluctance of the construction companies. Despite the high collectively agreed minimum wage, there is a willingness to integrate in the German construction industry. At the beginning of immigrant employment, it is still resource intensive. It is important to introduce measures that support and relieve the companies at this stage. In addition to the construction industry, horticulture and German agriculture seem to be a suitable sector for the integration of refugees. On the one hand, there is also an increased need for labor, due to the declining attractiveness of local workers in this sector to look for work. On the other hand, the entry barriers to the labor market of German agriculture are low. The agrarheute reports in September 201718 that the key factors for the personnel decision makers in German agriculture are dedication and technical skills as key qualifications. Only just under 22 percent of refugees who are already working in agriculture have previously taken a language course. The analyzes of this dissertation have shown that both the minimum wage issue and the integration of refugees into the German labor market are topical issues requiring further research. Based on the results of this study it could be shown that, especially in the context of the nationwide minimum wage, generally accepted theses only insufficiently take into account the effects on specific economic sectors or regions. It is precisely these specifics that need to be considered in a differentiated manner and taken into account in future decisions so as not to make them worse and worse. A policy measure should only be exploited to the extent that no party experiences massive problems (Boeri, 2012). Making work in the lower wage segment in Germany worthwhile again is also crucial for the local population. If, however, this means that sectors of the economy are increasingly being forced out of the German economy, or if family or small businesses can no longer guarantee their economic efficiency due to excessive labor costs, the framework conditions of these regulations should be reconsidered. The influx of refugees represents an economic impulse for the German economy in many ways. Here there are clear potentials, which remain unused. An interaction between the introduction of a prevailing minimum wage and the integration of refugees into the German labor market can not be determined directly from the previous analyzes. However, this interaction in future decisions should not be completely neglected.
