9. Efficient security markets

This study investigates the efficient market hypothesis and its implications for securities trading and markets. The emphasis is on active and passive management of funds in securities trading (stocks, bonds, mutual funds, forex trading, commodities, and cryptocurrency). It also looks at how to reconcile market anomalies and the efficient market hypothesis. The concept of security market efficiency in an Arrow-Debreu economy is discussed, as well as its implications in securitization. Finally, empirical literature on capital markets efficiency and its relationship with trading management is discussed, with policy implications and research gaps highlighted.