A multi-integrated renewable energy system in a commercial building in Beijing: lessons learnt from an operating analysis

In this case study, calculations and analyses were performed mainly for a solar-ground source heat pump system using a newly built office–factory building. Calculations for the collector panels, the water heater system and the saving for natural lighting system were also performed. Results have shown that the energy consumption in ground source system is 34.1% more efficient than that of air source system in normal days in winter. The required data for the calculations were measured using calorimeters and electricity meters which form part of the building automation system (BAS). The BAS works through a direct digital control system. On the basis of the observation and research on the actual operation, suggestions related to the design, operation and inspection are given. Copyright , Oxford University Press.