A Remark on Approximation of the Solutions to Partial Differential Equations in Finance

This paper proposes a general approximation method for the solution to a second-order parabolic partial differential equation(PDE) widely used in finance through an extension of Leandre's approach (Leandre (2006,2008)) and the Bismut identiy(e.g. chapter IX-7 of Malliavin (1997)) in Malliavin calculus. We present two types of its applications, approximations of derivatives prices and short-time asymptotic expansions of the heat kernel. In particular, we provide approximate formulas for option prices under local and stochastic volatility models. We also derive short-time asymptotic expansions of the heat kernel under general timehomogenous local volatility and local-stochastic volatility models in finance, which include Heston (Heston (1993)) and (ă-)SABR models (Hagan et.al. (2002), Labordere (2008)) as special cases. Some numerical examples are shown.