Recommended readings (Machine generated): Paul A. Samuelson (1954), 'The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure', Review of Economics and Statistics, 36 (4), November, 387-9 -- Francis M. Bator (1958), 'The Anatomy of Market Failure', Quarterly Journal of Economics, LXXII (3), August, 351-79 -- Kenneth J. Arrow (1970), 'The Organization of Economic Activity: Issues Pertinent to the Choice of Market versus Nonmarket Allocation', in Julius Margolis (ed) and Robert H. Haveman (ed) (eds), Public Expenditures and Policy Analysis, Chapter 2, Chicago, IL: Markham Publishing Company, 59-73 -- Richard G. Lipsey and Kelvin Lancaster (1997), 'The General Theory of Second Best', in Richard G. Lipsey (ed) (ed.), Microeconomics, Growth and Political Economy: The Selected Essays of Richard G. Lipsey, Volume One, Chapter 6, Cheltenham, UK and Lyme, US: Edward Elgar, 153-80. (A revised version of an article originally published in Review of Economic Studies, XXIV, 1956, 11-32) -- Otto A. Davis and Andrew B. Whinston (1965), 'Welfare Economics and the Theory of Second Best', Review of Economic Studies, 32(1), January, 1-14 -- J. R. Hicks (1943), 'The Four Consumer's Surpluses', Review of Economic Studies, 11 (1), Winter, 31-41 -- E. J. Mishan (1959), 'Rent as a Measure of Welfare Change', American Economic Review, 49 (3), June, 386-94 -- John Martin Currie, John A. Murphy and Andrew Schmitz (1971), 'The Concept of Economic Surplus and Its Use in Economic Analysis', Economic Journal, LXXXI (324), December, 741-99 -- Arnold C. Harberger (1971), 'Three Basic Postulates for Applied Welfare Economics: An Interpretive Essay', Journal of Economic Literature, 9 (3), September, 785-97 -- Harold Hotelling (1938), 'The General Welfare in Relation to Problems of Taxation and of Railway and Utility Rates', Econometrica, 6 (3), July, 242-69 -- Nicholas Kaldor (1939), 'Welfare Propositions of Economics and Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility', Economic Journal, XLIX (195), September, 549-52 -- J. R. Hicks (1939), 'The Foundations of Welfare Economics', Economic Journal, XLIX (196), December, 696-712 -- T. de Scitovszky (1941), 'A Note on Welfare Propositions in Economics', Review of Economic Studies, 9 (1), November, 77-88 -- Paul A. Samuelson (1950), 'Evaluation of Real National Income', Oxford Economic Papers, 2 (1), New Series, January, 1-29 -- Paul A. Samuelson (1942), 'Constancy of the Marginal Utility of Income', in Oscar Lange (ed), Francis McIntyre (ed) and Theodore O. Yntema (ed) (eds), Studies in Mathematical Economics and Econometrics: In Memory of Henry Schultz, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 75-91 -- Eugene Silberberg (1972), 'Duality and the Many Consumer's Surpluses', American Economic Review, LXII (5), December, 942-52 -- Robert D. Willig (1976), 'Consumer's Surplus Without Apology', American Economic Review, 66 (4), September, 589-97 -- Alan Randall and John R. Stoll (1980), 'Consumer's Surplus in Commodity Space', American Economic Review, 70 (3), June, 449-55 -- Jerry A. Hausman (1981), 'Exact Consumer's Surplus and Deadweight Loss', American Economic Review, 71 (4), September, 662-76