Associations of perceived underemployment with in-role and organisational citizenship behaviours: the beneficiary perspective

This study investigated whether employees' perceived underemployment is associated differently with in-role behaviours and two forms of organisational citizenship behaviours and whether there is any difference in such relationships between in-group and out-group subordinates. Results of 304 valid questionnaires collected from both managers and employees showed that only the negative correlation between employees' perceived underemployment and organisational citizenship behaviour-organisation proposed by Williams and Anderson (1991) was supported. Moreover, the correlation between perceived underemployment and in-role behaviours was negative for in-group subordinates but positive for out-group subordinates.