Blockchain and IoT-Based Traceability for an Efficient Food Supply Chain : State-of-The-Art Literature Review

Food processing is one of the highest contributing sectors in terms of domestic and international economic output. Hence, it is imperative to have an efficient food ecosystem where each stakeholder is kept accountable to maintain the authenticity and quality of the food products. To maintain this, there is an urgent need for traceability mechanisms providing transparency and efficiency to the overall ecosystem ultimately benefitting the stakeholders. With the recent technological trends such as Blockchain and IoT, traceability-based applications could be developed and implemented in real time to realize the full potential of an efficient food supply chain. There have been quite a few studies in the development of a sustained food traceability application. However, there are weaknesses in the implementation of technological trends such as Blockchain on a large-scale Food Supply Chain (FSC). In this paper, attempts have been made to review those studies, ultimately leading to a broader understanding of the current status of research in technology-based FSC traceability and also identifying the future course of action to enhance its applicability