Chapter 22. Global multinational organizations and virtual work

This chapter focuses on virtual work in multinational organizations (MNOs). As MNOs spread across geographical distances and culturally diverse units and operations, smooth communication and coordination have become the crucial enabler of knowledge transfer and learning. Therefore, we first address the role of knowledge transfer and knowledge sharing in MNOs, given their heavy reliance on virtual communication. Second, we examine the interplay between the knowledge sharing process, types of knowledge, and the benefits and limitations of lean media versus rich media and face-to-face communication. Third, we specifically address cultural diversity and its interplay with different modes of communication. Finally, we discuss the role of communication media in maintaining the MNO’s shared organizational culture and identity toward its sustainable competitive advantage.