Clean Energy Technology Observatory, Battery technology in the European Union : status report on technology development, trends, value chains and markets : 2024

This report is an output of the Clean Energy Technology Observatory (CETO), and provides an evidence-based analysis of the overall battery landscape to support the EU policy making process. It is part of the series of reports on clean energy technologies needed for the delivery of the European Green Deal, and it is a continuation and extension of earlier editions of the CETO report on batteries. It addresses technology development, EU research and innovation activities, global and EU markets and market players and assesses the competitiveness of the EU battery sector and its positioning in the global battery market. Special attention is given to solid state and sodium-ion batteries. This report also contains an assessment of market developments, production, trade, patenting, and sustainability in the area of Li-ion batteries.