Climate Data Without Borders: AI, Digital Twins, and Collaborative Adaptation in Border Regions

Climate change is an inherently transboundary challenge, demanding cooperative, data-driven solutions across national borders. This chapter explores how emerging digital technologies particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI), digital twins, and interoperable platforms are reshaping climate governance in border regions. Through real-time monitoring, predictive modelling, and shared scenario planning, these tools enable countries to jointly respond to environmental risks. The chapter examines governance models like EGTCs, legal-ethical challenges in data sharing, and participatory approaches involving civil society and citizen science. Case studies from the Danube River Basin and the US–Mexico border demonstrate how digital systems enhance resilience and early warning capabilities. It argues for scalable, inclusive, and ethically governed digital ecosystems that transform borders from barriers into collaborative climate adaptation zones.