Cracking the Code of Market Secrets: A Deep Dive into Financial Anomalies

This paper reviews the literature on market anomalies and puzzles, providing a comprehensive overview of these complex phenomena that challenge the traditional Efficient Market Hypothesis. The authors examine a wide range of anomalies, including long-term return irregularities, earnings management, information uncertainty, mutual fund performance, day-of-the-week returns, the January effect, weather-induced mood shifts, international asset pricing, weekend anomalies, cryptocurrency efficiency, social transmission bias, emotional finance, biased beliefs, investor optimism, sentiment, global market inefficiencies, the influence of unique events and seasonal factors, and disappearing anomalies in country and industry returns. The authors also discuss the evolving landscape of market anomalies research, including machine learning approaches, investor behavior challenges, and the disappearance of some anomalies over time. They conclude by setting the groundwork for a more holistic comprehension of market anomalies, suggesting future research directions such as exploring new data sources, developing comprehensive theoretical models, and examining the role of technology, market regulations, and environmental changes in market anomalies.