Democracy, openness and jumps in growth

We identify multiple structural breaks in a growth series using the econometric method developed by Bai and Perron (1998, 2003). We then regress the indicator of detected positive and negative breaks on three kinds of explanatory variables: external shocks, institutions and policies. Our results show that a change towards democratization fosters booms. Economic liberalizations act as an insurance against the probability of incurring into a crisis, while moves towards autarky undermine the chances of experiencing booms. We employ program evaluation to isolate single reforms and to assess the importance of reform sequencing: we find that democratization is a driver for growth and subsequent liberalization ensures stability.