Digital technology 4.0 on halal supply chain : a systematic review

Background: The halal supply chain is a focused type of supply chain that ensures halal products throughout the entire process, from upstream to downstream. This paper aims to identify the innovative digital technology 4.0 utilized within the halal supply chain and understand its impact on firm performance, both financial and non-financial. Methods: A systematic review methodology was employed on the academic database of Scopus, resulting in 70 articles. We analyze the included articles with two main aspects that are of concern in this research, namely what technology is used in certain parts of the supply chain (procurement, manufacturing, distribution, and/or logistics), as well as the impact on firm performance (financial and/or non-financial); Results: Our findings reveal that the technologies widely used include blockchain technology, halal financial technology, and halal traceability system (RFID, IoT). Conclusions: Innovative digital technology has been implemented in the halal supply chain and has affected the firm’s performance both financially and non-financially. Future research is suggested to focus on investigations regarding holistic technology integration, quantitative analysis to measure the specific financial performance of firms adopting digital technologies, and the feasibility and importance of technology adoption for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the halal industry.