Directional Utilization Disorder Charge Via In-Plane Driving Force of Functionalized Graphite Carbon Nitride for the Robust Photocatalytic Degradation of Fluoroquinolone

The inherent limitations of semiconductors include low carrier concentrations and the non-directional utilization of internal carriers, which exhibit sluggish photocatalyst-mediated redox activities. Here, a novel high-performance Na-bridged photocatalyst with nitrogen vacancies (WNCN) was successfully synthesized via one-step thermal-polymerization technique. The optimized carbon nitride can create an intrinsic driving force to achieve the directional separation of disordered carriers. Simultaneously, the bridged Na can serve as adsorptive site of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Density function theory confirmed that the nitrogen vacancies served as reaction sites, which favored the activation of oxygen to regulate the formation of ·OH. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of dual-functional sites, the optimized structure exhibited superior photocatalytic activity (0.5932 min -1 ), achieving over 11 times the kinetic degradation efficacy for enrofloxacin in contrast to pristine CN (0.0514 min -1 ). The concept of the directional utilization of disordered charges may be extended to other photocatalysts, thereby guiding the development of more practical photocatalysts