“Driving While Black”: A Theory for Interethnic Integration and Evolution of Prejudice

This paper studies the evolution of interethnic attitudes, the integration or segregation dynamics of ethnic minorities and the conditions for the rising of ethnic-based social hierarchies. By means of a cultural evolution framework, a dynamics of interethnic attitudes is provided and conditions for their convergence derived. Steady states implying a constant role of racism and no role for racism are identified. Deriving sufficient conditions for convergence, we find that the way in which Oblique Socialization Schemes (the way children react to out-of-family stimuli when forming their cultural values) are defined and modelled becomes crucial for the structure of the derived long run equilibria. In particular, we find that Steady States implying an Ethnic-based social ranking or full integration of ethnicities may be reached depending on whether or not agents use Reciprocity and/or Ethnocentrism in their interethnic attitudes formation schemes. Allowing different groups for asymmetric use of reciprocity and Ethnocentrism, we explain why different ethnic minorities may show different integration patterns, and what are the different roles (Cultural bridge, cultural hub) an ethnic group may play in the integration process. Moreover, in this way, we explain why attitudes of some groups towards others converge to the same values, while other groups seems to be excluded from this process. At last, we provide the first steps for the endogeneization of socialization structures.