Visitors to poor countries often comment on the lack of waste they see. People with very few possessions have little choice but to recycle their own limited resources. Affluent western nations think they can afford to be throwaway societies, casual with their wealth. Here is a theory to strike terror into the hearts of every environmentally aware citizen. It is generally accepted that if everyone on the planet were to live like the average North American, we would need the resources of at least three Earths.