Effect of reformulated fuels on pollutant emissions from vehicles : Part 1: Combustion improver additive

In the diesel sector, engine technology is in continuous development and a number of after-treatment systems have been found which in combination with an enhanced fuel quality reduce emissions of PM, such as the oxidative catalyst and the particle trap. Today, the oxidative catalyst is incorporated in all modern LD diesel vehicles, which meets the EURO-3 and equivalent standards. The particle trap is an expensive and complicated solution not yet common in diesel vehicles. Nevertheless, in order to meet future structer emission standards the particle trap seems unavoidable for LD and could be one of the future options for HD vehicles. However, there is a notable time lag between the introduction of a new emission standard or a new engine technology and the renewal of the vehicle park and as a short term alternative to the particle trap new fuel formulations may be employed to abate particle emissions.