Farmer’s Perception of Climate Change with Gender-Sensitive for Optimized Irrigation in a Compound Surface-Groundwater System

Water use/management is an outcome of natural and socio-economic factors and its utilization by man in time and space is very crucial to the changing climate problem. Water is becoming a scarce resource due to immense agricultural, climate change and demographic pressure. Hence, information on water use/management cover and their associated management practices are essential for selection, planning, implementation and monitoring of water use schemes for further optimal use to meet the increasing demands for basic human needs and welfare. Climate change affects the water demand and supply routes in which more than 65% of the lake water level decrease is due to climate change and overuse of surface water. The dynamics of gender to science and the environment have been in the investigation for decades and concern to science and environmental sociologists. The research and finding shows that women’s countenance and apprehension to climate change is much greater than men’s. The gender sensitivity and deference to the concern of environments on the climate knowledge leads to suggest the need for further findings of its implication to science. The study shows that women’s role in farming is important to bring about household-based food security. The adaptation to climate change, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions, is a bottleneck challenge to date. The farmers’ perception could be base to finding of factors affecting the climate change and impact management at the livelihood among the farmers. The study exposes more than half of from the gathered data, the understanding and communication of farmers based on experience and concerns to the climate impact. Moreover, studies showed the change in climate has a potential effect to the resource of water supply, for agriculture, urbanization, and environment. Therefore, there is a need to assess in detail the dynamics of surface-groundwater interaction in relation to climate change with gender sensitive to optimize the irrigation system