Gender discriminations are close but different across European countries. In order to understand how they are built up, it is necessary to appeal to a multidisciplinary approach: economic, social, politic and institutional. At first, inequalities are linked to the social environment: school and family, then the share of domestic tasks creates the gender division of social roles and influences the female behaviour. The professional area reproduces those inequalities, and produces some new ones. Women are alternately a stake for economics growth to compensate the decrease of the labour force, and then they become a mean to introduce more flexibility and precariousness on the labour market. In order to find a way to promote gender equality, it is required to understand the discrimination mechanism. The consistency of public policies and the efficiency of incentives actions have to be studied.
