Friedrich List versus Adam Smith in the Context of Modern Foreign Trade Policy of Ukraine

The article analyses two opposite theories of foreign trade policy: of an advocate of free trade Adam Smith and of a German economist Friedrich List who insisted on a necessity to apply protectionism under certain conditions. It is proved that the methodology applied by F. List in the study of this problem reflects, to greater extent, requirements of the dialectical law of the unity and struggle of opposites - the source of development of social relations, which manifests itself in foreign trade as a contradiction between free trade and protectionism. Possibilities and necessity of practical application of the latter in modern Ukrainian conditions are considered in the article.