Guidelines for participation in appropriate decision making

Puts forward five specific guidelines in the form of questions on which managers or leaders should reflect before making any significant decisions. Considers issues such as who to involve ‐ their level, expertise and work maturity ‐ the timing, the intensity, the availability of information, conflicts which might arise and the predetermination of the decision by procedures and policies. Concludes that programmes aimed at enhancing appropriate participation will help to improve the climate of an organization and develop critical management/leadership skills.