Historical Prerequisites of Forensic Knowledge in Russia : IX Century - 1550 Year

The report is devoted to the analysis of formation of historical prerequisites of forensic knowledge. The first stage (IX century - 1550 year) is characterized by the emergence of interest to the issues of legal regulation of investigative process. The first attempt to systematize the rules of ancient judicial legislation has been made by Vladimir I The Great, who perform criminal search process in one of the main sources of state income.The main forensic and judicial monument of this stage is the "Russian Truth" of Yaroslav the Wise, which contain a basic knowledge about investigative process. "Russian Truth" set the task to find offender committed the crime. In the XII century. in the Republic of Novgorod and Pskov's principality important distinction between the judicial and investigative process was appeared. There was the notion of process and the result is collecting of written and oral evidences. The judicial duel ("field"), as well as the oath were used when there weren't other proofs. The process was oral, but the decision was written. Thus, the important achievement of the first stage of formation of historical prerequisites of forensic knowledge wast he distinction between investigative and judicial processes, as well as the emergence the post, "police officer", who made the crime scene investigation