How Hybrid Organizations Turn Antagonistic Assets into Complementarities

This article is interested in people excluded from traditional markets as employees, producers, or consumers. Traditionally they are believed to lack skills required by the market. This article describes the processes through which these perceived liabilities can be overcome by so called hybrid organizations. Hybrids pursue explicit social missions through business-inspired earned-income strategies, with the express goal of creating market disequilibria. The paper demonstrates the challenges hybrids face and outlines how to overcome them by identifying hidden complementarities, by creating new ones, by eliminating the need for complementarities, by creating demand for antagonistic assets, or by using partnerships