Impact of Changes in Dietary Preferences on U.S. Retail Demand for Beef: Health Concerns and the Role of Media

The objective of this study is twofold: first, to determine if, in the long run, health concerns affect the retail demand for beef in the United States via changes in consumer dietary preferences, and second, to establish if media coverage of popular diets (media frenzy) causes the change in retail demand for beef or if it simply reports the facts about the changes in consumer dietary preferences. Data used in the analysis are the quarterly retail demand index for beef and the number of newspaper articles and magazine features on low-fat/low-cholesterol and low-carb diets published in the United States between 1990:I and 2004:IV. Johansen’s (1991, 1995) cointegration method and vector error correction (VEC) model-based Granger causality test were used in the long-run and short-run analysis, respectively. The results indicate health concerns are an important demand shifter for beef in the long run. In the short run, the media serve as a trigger that will influence people to become followers of a certain diet.