Interactions Between Monetary and Fiscal Policy Under Flexible Exchange Rates

We extend the fiscal theory of the price level (FTPL) by developing a two-country open-economy model under flexible exchange rates, where overlapping generations of consumers supply labour to imperfectly competitive firms which change their prices infrequently. We show that the fiscal response required to support an active inflation-targeting monetary policy is greater when consumers have finite lives. Additionally, one monetary authority can abandon its active targeting of inflation to stabilise the debt of a fiscal authority, even if the policy makers operate in different countries. Finally, through simulations, we consider the impact of fiscal shocks on key macroeconomic variables.