Is European benchmarking methodology favouring a narrow segment of air navigation service providers?

This paper looks at the calculation of composite flight hours used input to performance benchmarking of European air navigation service providers. The way the en-route part of the composite flight hours is obtained, potentially rewards busy air navigation service providers serving larger airports with additional composite flight hours, thus making them more productive and financially cost-efficient. We also examine the financial effect of the methodology and link it to economic cost-effectiveness.