La démographie des établissements industriels : une différenciation entre espaces urbains, périurbains et ruraux

Using a plant level data-set of 810 000 units, observed each year of 1993 to 2001, we test the assumption of space differentiation of industrial plants demography (creations, suppressions, transfers) between urban, periurban or rural areas. The demography of establishments first appears as a massive economic phenomenon : more than one plant out of ten enters in activity each year and more one on ten exits. Both plants and jobs are more often renewed in the urban areas. Periurban areas are in a medium situation in terms of demographic intensity but benefit of a specific positive effect in terms of final balance between entries and exits. In the rural areas, a weak rate of renewal is accompanied by a higher survival rate of the new created plants. Structural effect and geographical effect are combined, but their intensity differs, the second being much more important.