Large Eddy Simulation of Transient Combustion and Sootrecession in the Ecn Spray a and D Flames

This paper presents the numerical results of combustion and soot recession in the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray A and D flames using large eddy simulations (LES). The nominal injector nozzle diameters for the ECN Spray A and D are 90μm and 186μm. A two-equation soot model is implemented to model the soot formation and oxidation processes. The numerical model is validated by comparing the simulated and measured data in terms of ignition delay time (IDT), lift-off-length (LOL), and temporal evolution of soot mass. The combustion and soot recession processes are analyzed after the end-of-injection (AEOI). The combustion recession processes are first driven by auto-ignition wave propagation followed also by the flow convection processes in both the Spray A and D flames. A separated high-temperature flame structure is observed in the Spray A flame due to having a small favorable mixture region for the auto-ignition upstream of the quasi-steady lift-off position AEOI. In contrast, a spatially-continuous high-temperature flame structure is formed in the Spray D flame due to having more ignitable mixture upstream the quasi-steady lift-off position and a higher heat release.Soot recession is observed in the Spray D flame but not in the Spray A flame.This is attributed to the fact that the mixture upstream of the quasi-steady-state soot region becomes favorable to promote soot formation in the Spray D flame, but it becomes fuel-lean AEOI in the Spray A flame